硼酸铝晶须增强氰酸酯树脂/玻璃布复合材料的研究

为了改善氰酸酯树脂基复合材料的层间性能,加入硼酸铝(AlBw)晶须制得晶须/氰酸酯树脂/玻璃布复合材料。研究了晶须对氰酸酯树脂的反应活性、工艺性的影响以及对复合材料力学性能的改善效果,并分析了复合材料断裂的SEM照片。凝胶时间和差示扫描量热(DSC)分析表明,晶须的加入对树脂体系反应性影响较小。晶须的加入增大了氰酸酯树脂的粘度,但增加幅度不大,当晶须加入质量为20%时树脂粘度仍小于8Pa·s,具有良好的工艺性。随晶须加入量的增加,复合材料的层间剪切强度(ILSS)和弯曲强度增大,晶须质量占10%时,4%硼酸酯处理的晶须使ILSS和弯曲强度分别提高45%和32%。晶须的加入使复合材料耐湿热性提高,水煮100h后,吸水率降为1.09%,力学强度保持率高于85%。     

湿法缠绕树脂的应用研究

选用环氧树脂与潜伏性固化剂,按二定比例配制成适用于湿法缠绕的无溶剂树脂.研究了树脂的基本性能及工艺性,通过湿法缠绕工艺制成单向预浸料和复合材料管件.结果表明,该树脂在室温下黏度低、适用期长,具有高的强度、模量和韧性,断裂伸长率与高模量碳纤维相匹配,对纤维的润湿性好,用其制成的单向层合板和复合材料管件性能良好.     

铝阳极在KOH甲醇-乙醇体系中的电化学性能

为了提高铝的活化性能以及降低铝的腐蚀,用电化学方法研究了在碱性甲醇-乙醇有机体系中,添加剂H2O对铝阳极(99.999%)电化学行为的影响。结果表明:4 mol/L KOH+甲醇-乙醇(5∶5)+30%H2O体系能大幅度抑制铝腐蚀,缓蚀率高达70.04%,但极化程度有所增大。在-1.20 V处,铝的电流密度高达72.66 mA/cm2;开路电位Eocp负移程度最大(-1.933 V)。     

树脂含量对装甲车体内饰用轻质复合材料弯曲性能的影响

以2 400 tex的玻璃纤维为原料,在SGA598型三维织机上,采用三维浅交弯联结构制备了一种装甲车体内饰用轻质复合材料预制件。将环氧树脂E51和固化剂聚醚胺WHR-H023以质量比3∶1的比例组成树脂体系,并将复合材料预制件与配制好的树脂体系以质量比为2∶1、3∶2、1∶1、2∶3、1∶2的比例进行手糊复合成型,制成装甲车体内饰用轻质复合材料。借助Instron 3385H型万能材料试验机对材料的弯曲能进行测试,研究树脂含量对复合材料弯曲性能的影响;并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察材料的断裂界面,研究材料的弯曲破坏机理。结果表明,三维浅交弯联复合材料具有优异的力学性能,织物与树脂的质量比为1∶1时材料的弯曲强度与模量均达到最大值;材料的破坏模式主要为脆性破坏,具体表现为树脂基体的碎裂以及纤维的抽拔及断裂。     

PN-PAA、MPN-PAA共混树脂热固化过程和热分解过程的研究

借助凝胶时间、DSC和TGA等测试研究了PN-PAA和MPN-PAA共混树脂的热固化过程和热分解过程。凝胶时间(140℃)结果表明共混树脂的交联反应速率比PAA明显趋缓;PN-PAA(1∶1)、MPN-PAA(1∶1)共混树脂的固化温度比PAA提高约50℃;K issinger公式和Crane公式计算表明共混树脂比PAA树脂具有更大的热固化反应活化能,但具有基本相同的反应级数;TGA结果表明共混树脂固化物具有很好的热稳定性,其起始热分解温度接近400℃。采用Coats-Redfern方程分析、解释了树脂热分解过程的表观动力学。与PAA树脂比较,共混树脂固化工艺性有较大改善,并具有较好的耐热性,有望用作高温防热复合材料的基体。     

一种潜伏性无卤阻燃中温固化环氧树脂体系

选用双氰胺和UR500为固化体系,自制阻燃剂M,制备一种预浸料用潜伏性无卤阻燃中温固化环氧树脂体系。结果表明,该树脂体系室温下储存期超过30 d,固化后力学性能优良,拉伸性能可达66. 5MPa,弯曲强度可达133 MPa,冲击强度可达10. 7 kJ/m2,阻燃防火性能优异,氧指数高达33. 1%,垂直燃烧满足UL-V0级,且可离火自熄。扫描电镜和热分析的结果表明,该体系优异的阻燃性能主要源于其燃烧后所成碳层的隔热隔氧作用。     

氰酸酯／环氧树脂共混体系固化反应

运用DSC对F44酚醛环氧树脂、E51环氧树脂以及有机锡(DBTDL)与氰酸酯共混体系固化行为进行了研究,对固化动力学、固化反应机理及固化反应制度进行了分析.结果表明,利用Kissinger和Flynn-Wall-Ozawa方程计算所得的活化能相近,且三种相近树脂共混体系具有较低的活化能,即具有较高的反应活性.采用T-β外推法近似求得三种氰酸酯共混体系的固化制度.     

耐371℃ PMR型含异构联苯结构的聚酰亚胺树脂及复合材料

采用活性单体原位聚合方法,由2,3,3',4'-联苯四甲酸二乙酯为芳香族二酸二酯、对苯二胺与间苯二胺混合物为芳香族二胺、降冰片稀二甲酸单乙酯为反应性封端剂制备了系列PMR型聚酰亚胺树脂.研究了树脂的化学结构及其计算分子量等对其成型工艺性能和耐热性能的影响规律.以优选树脂体系为基体与碳纤维复合制备的碳纤维增强聚酰亚胺树脂基复合材料表现出优良的耐热性能与力学性能,室温下,弯曲强度为1 560 MPa,弯曲模量为137 GPa,层间剪切强度为56 MPa,在370℃的高温下,其力学性能保持率大于50%.     

高韧性环氧基体树脂的制备与性能

以N,N,N’,N’-四缩水甘油基-1,3-间苯二甲胺(TGMXDA)和双酚F环氧(DGEBF)作为基体,以4,4'-双[(4-氨基-2-三氟甲基)苯氧基]联苯(6FBAB)和3,3’-二氨基二苯砜(3,3’-DDS)作为固化剂制备了新型环氧基体树脂.研究了环氧基体与固化剂的结构和配比对环氧固化物耐热与力学性能的影响规律.结果表明,TGMXDA- DGEBF/6FBAB-DDS树脂体系固化物具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度达到101 MPa,冲击强度＞20 kJ/m2,断裂伸长率＞6％.同时,该树脂体系还具有良好的耐热稳定性,氮气中的5％失重温度＞330℃.     

碳纤维增强耐热环氧树脂复合材料工艺性能研究

研究了一种低黏度耐高温环氧树脂体系的黏温特性及固化反应动力学,考察了该树脂体系的浇注体及其碳纤维复合材料的力学性能,通过热机械分析(DMTA)研究了树脂浇注体及其复合材料的动态热机械性能.结果表明,该树脂体系在室温下黏度为0.3 Pa·s,50℃下适用期在10 h以上,130℃下可以快速固化反应,适合于RTM等快速成型工艺,Tg达到220℃以上,其碳纤维复合材料具有优良的耐高温性能.     

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

基于飞机油箱模型形状特征油量测量切片步长选择方法研究

 在分析飞机数字式油量测量过程中目前广泛使用的切片法油量测量原理的基础上,针对现有的定步长切片法无法得到准确、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库的缺陷,结合对飞机油箱模型形状特征的分析,提出了基于飞机油箱模型形状特征的油量测量切片步长选择方法。此方法包括切片步长整体和局部选择两个过程,整体选择以实现相邻两切片平面所夹油箱模型体积近似相等为目的来确定切片步长,以体现油箱模型截面整体变化规律;局部选择以设计切片平面与截面突变平面重合或尽可能接近的方式,突出油箱截面的局部变化特征。实验结果表明：该切片步长选择方法较定步长方法能够建立更为合理、可靠的燃油质量特性数据库,从而提高了油量测量精度。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

二维翼段颤振的μ控制

 采用超声电机作为作动器来实现含控制面的翼段颤振鲁棒抑制。针对作者设计的二维翼段颤振主动抑制系统，通过理论与实验相结合的方法，建立了考虑沉浮方向阻尼和作动器模型参数不确定性的控制系统模型，设计了μ控制器，并对控制器做了降阶处理。数值仿真和风洞试验表明，μ控制器可有效地抑制颤振的发生，将颤振临界速度提高23.4%。相对于H_∞控制器，μ控制器的控制效果和鲁棒性更好。     

航空发动机管路测量数据分割方法

 为了提高航空发动机管路测量数据的反求建模效率,提出了一种区域增长分割算法。该方法主要是利用管路表面在曲面索引系数映射、主曲率映射、高斯映射上的特性,并基于均值漂移算法和遗传算法提出了区域分割算法中种子区域的选择策略。然后利用区域增长分割方法实现了对管路测量数据的分割。经过仿真和实测数据验证,所提管路分割算法具有较好的分割质量和效率。     

Abnormal Shape Mould Winding

为解决网格化芯模的缠绕问题,本文提出了复合材料面片缠绕机理;接着详细分析了面片缠绕过程中的芯模凹曲面上纤维滑线和架空现象,应用微分几何曲面理论和空间几何理论,提出判据及其解决方案;最后,针对飞机发动机进气道的缠绕成型,编制缠绕控制程序并进行相应的实验,验证了面片缠绕方法的可行性。     

Interfacial Properties Modification of Carbon Fiber/ Polyarylacetylene Composites

This work was dedicated to performing surface oxidation and coating treatments on carbon fibers (CF) and investigating the changes of fiber surface properties after these treatments, including surface composition, relative volume of functional groups, and sur- face topography with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and atom force microscopy (AFM) technology. The results show that, after oxidation treatments, interfacial properties between CF and non-polar polyarylacetylene (PAA) resin are remarkably modified by removing weak surface layers and increasing fiber surface roughness. Coating treatment by high char phenolic resin solution after oxida- tion makes interface of CF/PAA composites to be upgraded and the interfacial properties further bettered.     

Thermal Stresses and Cracks During the Growth of Large-sized Sapphire with SAPMAC Method

本文利用有限元法对冷心放肩微量提拉法(SAPMAC)生长大尺寸蓝宝石单晶过程中的热应力进行了模拟计算,应用临界缺陷理论解释了裂纹的萌生与扩展机理。研究表明,晶体内的热应力主要与晶体生长速率,环境温度和结晶取向有关;较大热应力多出现在结晶界面,放肩、收尾以及直径急剧变化等位置;最大热应力总是出现在籽晶与新生晶体的界面附近。裂纹将在临界缺陷位置产生,并在应力作用下沿a或m面扩展。计算结果与实验结果基本吻合,通过晶体生长系统和生长工艺的改进,对晶体的开裂问题得到了有效的抑制。     

Optimization Design System for Composite Structures Based on Grid Technology

To solve the topology optimization of complicated multi-objective continuous/discrete design variables in aircmit structure design, a Parallel Pareto Genetic Algorithm （PPGA） is presented based on grid platform in this paper. In the algorithm, the commercial finite element analysis （FEA） software is integrated as the calculating tool for analyzing the objective functions and the filter of Pareto solution set based on weight information is introduced to deal with the relationships among all objectives. Grid technology is utilized in PPGA to realize the distributed computations and the user interface is developed to realize the job submission and job management locally/remotely. Taking the aero-elastic tailoring of a composite wing for optimization as an example, a set of Pareto solutions are obtained for the decision-maker. The numerical results show that the aileron reversal problem can be solved by adding the limited skin weight in this system. The algorithm can be used to solve complicated topology optimization for composite structures in engineering and the computation efficiency can be improved greatly by using the grid platform that aggregates numerous idle resources.