基于有向元的圆柱阵列波束赋形

对其形圆柱阵列进行了波束赋形,在考虑阵元有向性的基础上,利用基于最小均方误差的自适应算法迭代得到一组最优权值,通过对阵元激励的幅度、相位进行加权调整,能够使阵列波束方向、主波束形状、副瓣电平达到给定要求：运用此方法得到共形圆柱阵列的平预波束和余割平方波束方向图,效果较好,证明此方法对于共形阵列是有效的     

任意拓扑结构的耦合振荡器阵列及其在共形阵中的应用

提出了一种利用耦合振荡器阵列实现共形相控阵天线波束扫描的新方法。建立了任意拓扑结构的耦合振荡器阵列幅度和相位动力学方程,采用图论的方法分析了稳态相位方程解的唯一存在性和稳定性,通过控制振荡器每个单元的自由振荡频率,对相位进行加权,实现了共形相控阵天线无移相器的波束扫描,最后对圆柱形耦合振荡器阵列天线进行了数值仿真,验证了该方法的可行性。     

背腔式缝隙天线阵列的分析与设计

采用等效磁流分析方法,将波导激励的单背腔缝隙单元阵场求解问题离散,得到缝隙表面的边界积分方程。应用矩量法求解该边界积分方程,得到单背腔缝隙单元阵的场结构。再应用阵列天线理论仿真计算了一种易于共形的缝隙天线阵的方向图,与实际测量结果进行了对比,取得了较好的效果。     

基于圆柱筒支撑紧缩场极坐标测试扫描系统的研制

紧缩场测试扫描系统是对紧缩场静区场进行测试、分析、寻找并排除影响紧缩场性能的干扰源及后期定期检测的关键设备。本文设计了基于圆柱筒支撑结构的紧缩场极坐标扫描架,并利用激光扫平原理设计了扫描架平面度补偿装置,实现了极坐标扫描架的快速补偿,简化了扫描架结构,提高了测试精度和测试效率。测试结果表明补偿后的扫描架平面度误差为0.032 mm,满足检测要求。     

垂直交叉双圆柱绕流强迫振动数值模拟

采用虚拟体法数值模拟了平面单圆柱绕流强迫振动,以及空间垂直交叉双圆柱绕流下游圆柱强迫振动流场。验证了单圆柱强迫振动中的锁定状态以及相位突变现象,从而证实了该数值方法模拟振动流场的可靠性。研究了在雷诺数Re=150、间距为5倍圆柱直径、下游圆柱按正弦曲线振动时,对尾流场的影响。下游圆柱两端尾流场在振动的作用下,涡的横向间距增大,而中心尾流场由于受上游圆柱尾流的影响而保持原先的状态。下游圆柱在锁定区的振动使尾流场变得稳定,表现在流向二次涡结构的减少,以及尾流场的速度场频谱趋向单一化。     

开缝圆柱近场尾流的大涡模拟和实验测量

基于Fluent软件平台采用大涡模拟(LES)的方法对开缝圆柱绕流进行了三维数值仿真,计算了五组不同雷诺数(Re=1500、3000、4400、5837、7200)情况下缝宽比s/d=0.15的开缝圆柱绕流流场。通过定性的流动显示和定量的PIV实验,对s/d=0.15情况下开缝圆柱内部缝隙流动以及旋涡脱落情况进行了细致研究,并测量了基准圆柱与开缝圆柱的脱落涡频率。数值模拟与实验测量结果符合得很好。实验和计算的结果表明,在一定雷诺数范围内,开缝圆柱缝隙内部流体呈现周期性的震荡,边界层底层经历"吸入"和"吹出"现象,根本上改变了近区尾流的结构。开缝圆柱尾迹呈现出明显的三维流向涡形态。缝隙内流体的上下震荡对圆柱绕流的周期性产生了显著影响,开缝圆柱的旋涡脱落频率和斯特劳哈尔数均高于相同雷诺数下的基准圆柱。     

旋转圆柱对翼型气动特性影响的数值模拟研究

采用数值模拟的方法研究了旋转圆柱对NACA0015翼型气动特性的影响,着重分析了前缘旋转圆柱转速比和缝隙大小对翼型升阻特性的作用规律以及不同安装位置的高速旋转圆柱结合简单襟翼偏转下的翼型气动力特性。结果表明,高速旋转的圆柱代替翼型前缘可以有效地抑制翼型背风区的流动分离,延缓边界层的发展从而改善翼型气动特性。前缘旋转圆柱理想的转速比在4附近,缝隙在2.5mm至1.5mm之间可以满足使用要求。简单襟翼结合前、后缘高速旋转圆柱情况下翼型的气动力特性可以比拟精心设计的多段翼型。旋转圆柱具有增升减阻效果显著,需要主动输入的能量极少等优点,是一种具有良好应用前景的边界层流动控制技术。     

共形阵列天线单元极化形式的优化设计

由于共形载体曲率的影响,共形阵列天线的阵列流形具有多极化特性.为了利用共形天线阵列流形的多极化特性,提升阵列对空间目标参数的估计性能,将天线单元的极化参数引入到导向矢量建模中.更加完整地论述了共形天线阵列流形的特点.在此基础上.建立了优化设计天线单元极化形式的目标函数,基于交替优化思想.给出了共形阵列中各天线单元最优极...     

薄涂层吸收材料对表面波的衰减研究

本文通过平面模型研究了在大的弯曲金属表面上的薄层吸收材料中的能量过程,导出了表面波衰减常数的计算公式,提出了优选材料的电磁参数和展宽频带的方法。通过优选国内现有材料进行模拟计算得到了具有良好特性的薄涂层材料的例子。     

飞行器表面缝隙电磁散射特性研究

 在常规飞行器的各类电磁散射源中,缝隙属于弱散射源,但对于隐身飞行器,缝隙电磁散射不可忽略。为研究飞行器缝隙电磁散射特性,在不同极化下,将缝隙置于金属平板的对角线,削弱金属边缘电磁散射影响。通过系列雷达散射截面(RCS)测试分析,得到了缝隙电磁散射随缝隙宽度、（多缝隙）缝隙间距的变化规律,以及其极化特性。不同宽度单缝测试结果表明:对于水平极化,缝隙宽度小于波长的1/4时,缝隙的宽度增加将导致缝隙引起的表面波散射快速增长,反之,呈下降趋势;对于垂直极化,缝隙宽度较小时试件的电磁散射与无缝金属平板接近,当缝隙宽度大于波长的1/2时,宽度增加时,其散射增强。多缝隙测试结果表明缝隙间距会影响散射的空间分布、波峰位置,可以理解为对各单缝隙散射叠加效果的影响。垂直极化影响强于水平极化。     

Performance of phased-array antennas with mechanical errors

The performance of planar phase-array antennas with mechanical errors is investigated. Errors in array element positions as a result of structural distortions are considered as deterministic and predictable. Detailed calculations for two assumed modes of distortion reveal that their effects on antenna performance are the loss of peak response in the scan direction and the broadening of the mainlobe, while the far-out sidelobe structure remains relatively intact. For large antennas, performance improvement can be expected by suitable phase compensation. Performance of antennas with random errors in their element positions must be treated statistically. Expressions of average directivity and sidelobe level corresponding to arbitrary error magnitudes in element position, amplitude and phase of excitation as well as finite rate of failure of element modules were derived and verified by direct numerical calculations from the antenna directivity patterns. For a planar phased-array antenna typical for space-based radars, the standard deviation of element position errors must not exceed 1% of the operating wavelength in order to maintain a -10 dBi sidelobe level     

Phased array of large reflectors for deep-space communication

In this paper the problem of uplink array calibration for deep-space communication is considered. A phased array of many modest-size reflectors antennas is used to drastically improve the uplink effective isotropic radiated power of a ground station. A radar calibration procedure for the array phase distribution is presented using a number of in-orbit targets. Design of optimal orbit and the number of calibration targets is investigated for providing frequent calibration opportunities needed for compensating array elements phase center movements as the array tracks a spacecraft. Array far-field focusing based on the near-filed in-orbit (low Earth orbit (LEO)) calibration targets is also presented and array gain degradation analysis based on the position error of the array elements and in-orbit targets has been carried out. It is shown that errors in the in-orbit targets positions significantly degrade the far-field array gain while the errors in array elements positions are not very important. Analysis of phase errors caused by thermal noise, system instability, and atmospheric effects show insignificant array gain degradation by these factors     

飞行器共形天线新型制造工艺及应用研究进展

共形天线具有小型化、低剖面、大孔径等特点,是未来天线重点发展趋势之一,以气动一体化天线、超宽带窄波束天线为代表的共形天线成为目前飞行器天线领域的研究热点。当前共形天线的制作工艺主要包括打印、转印、激光加工等,采用合适的工艺能够实现天线的大面积共形制造。讨论了共形天线在不同飞行器载体上的优势,如打印制作的低剖面机载天线可实现战机的气动隐身一体化需求,也可满足弹载天线小型超宽带需求,柔性天线可应用于星载充气可展开天线等。在此基础上对当前共形天线存在的关键技术问题进行了阐述,并对共形天线在航空航天领域的未来发展做出了展望。     

一种基于角度-多普勒补偿的均匀圆形天线机载雷达杂波抑制方法

采用均匀圆形相控阵天线的机载雷达杂波分布随距离变化而变化,各距离单元的杂波不再满足独立同分布的条件,造成统计型空时自适应处理(STAP)器性能下降。基于此,本文建立了均匀圆形天线机载雷达模型,对其杂波分布进行了分析,得出了空间角随阵元数非线性变化的特性造成其杂波距离维分布非均匀的结论。研究了一种均匀圆形天线机载雷达杂波抑制方法,该方法先通过修正的角度 多普勒补偿(MADC)预处理消除在杂波谱中心处的非均匀,再利用基于导数更新(DBU)技术进一步减小在其他方位杂波的非均匀程度。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

Measuring satellite antennas with a compact hologram test range

Testing of satellite antennas at high millimeter and submillimeter wavelengths has some specific problems not encountered at lower frequencies. The atmospheric attenuation due to water and oxygen molecule resonances at certain frequency bands can be substantial. Therefore, conventional far-field test methods for electrically large antennas are ruled out by the required far-field distance of kilometers or even tens of kilometers. However, the compact antenna test range (CATR) makes such far-field tests possible within an indoor chamber having a controlled atmosphere. The application and ongoing development of a CATR based on a hologram as the focusing element are outlined     

Phase Compensation for Widely-Spaced Antenna Systems Employing Coherent Signal Combinations

This paper describes a technique for providing phase compensation to signals received at widely-spaced antennas and processed at a central location. Self-compensation is provided for pathlength variations in reference-signal distribution systems. The technique may be adapted to include the measurement and compensation of signal-channel phase variations. Practical systems which require this type of compensation include interferometric systems used for position and position-rate measurements of missiles and spacecraft, interferometers and arrays of antennas used for radio and radar astronomy, and arrays of large-aperture antennas used for deep-space communications.     

Effective Sidelobe Levels Due to Scatterers

The far-field radiation patterns of radar antennas when installed aboard ships may differ substantially from their free-space or theoretical design radiation patterns. We obtain some estimates for the effective sidelobe levels generated by scatterers in the main beam of the antenna by 1) ships and other discrete scatterers in the far field; 2) the sea in the far field; and 3) the ship's own superstructure in the Fresnel region.     

Applications of slotted cable antennas in the instrument landingsystem

The use of slotted waveguides in the instrument landing system (ILS) is discussed, and applications of slotted cable antennas to the ILS localizer and glide slope are described. Examples are given of both existing and prospective designs intended to provide solutions for specific siting problems. Important applications are to the end-fire glide slope and category-III localizers     

基于相控阵雷达天线俯仰多波位相扫的设计与应用

分析研究了如何设计平面相控阵雷达天线多波位相扫的基本原理,提出了36行平面相控阵雷达天线在俯仰上实现多波位发射波束、接收波束形成与展宽方法.通过微波暗室的测试,天线技术指标完全达到了平面相控阵雷达天线多波位相扫的技术要求,实现了一维相控阵面高增益、高灵敏度、低噪声、大动态范围技术指标.