极化敏感均匀圆阵中PARAFAC信号检测算法

分析了极化敏感均匀圆阵接收到的信号，该信号具有三线性模型特征。提出了极化敏感均匀圆阵中平行因子信号检测算法。该算法利用三线性交替最小二乘（TALS）算法估计出信源矩阵，然后对其进行判决。仿真结果表明；该算法误码率性能接近于非盲解相关方法;与非盲解相关方法相比，在较高的SNR情况下误码率相差不到2dB；且在阵列扰动情况下仍具有较好的误码率性能。该算法无需空域信息和极化信息，是一种盲鲁棒方法。     

一种STBC-OFDM系统中的盲和半盲信道估计

针对尾部补零(Zero padd ing,ZP)的空时分组编码正交频分复用(Space-tim e b lock cod ing orthogona l fre-quency d iv is ion m u ltip lex ing,STBC-OFDM)系统,提出了一种基于子空间分解的信道估计算法。首先利用STBC的编码结构和OFDM信号中由ZP和虚载波(V irtua l carrier,VC)引入的冗余,推导了该算法的盲估计形式,然后对其可辨识性进行了理论分析,证明了该盲方法可以在一个标量因子模糊度的意义上辨识出多个信道的冲激响应。通过结合使用导频信息形成半盲算法,可以消除模糊度。仿真结果表明,该算法的信道估计准确度较高,可以有效地跟踪衰落信道,在低信噪比时性能良好。     

非线性调频信号参数估计算法

分析了非线性调频（NLFM）信号参数估计问题，提出了利用二次相位差分使相位降阶，使NLFM信号的参数估计转化为成熟的正弦波频率估计，而NLFM信号参数估计算法从三维搜索简化为三次一维搜索，既减少了计算复杂度，又有利于工程实现；另外从正弦波频率估计问题出发推导出对信号参数α3估计的最佳相关延迟量为2T/7,向时还考虑了延迟相关对信号信噪比的影响，发现一次延迟相关信号信噪比至少下降3dB，两次延迟相关至少下降7dB，而且信噪比越小，下降越多，因此该算法适用于高信噪比条件，仿真结果表明，该算法在较高的信噪比条件（RSN＞2dB)下具有较好的性能。     

ESPRIT算法在单快拍阵列信号中的应用

ESPRIT算法利用旋转不变技术估计信号参数,是近年来提出的阵列信号处理理论的一个新领域,它具有高分辨率、高精度、不需空间搜索等优点。单快拍总被当作相干信号处理,本文采用了Teoplitz结构协方差矩阵估计,起了空间平滑作用,所以可以估计相于信号源的波达方向(DOA),与标准空间平滑协方差矩阵估计相比较,Teoplitz协方差阵估计在总体上提高了信噪比,并且不牺牲阵列孔径。 计算机模拟结果表明,基于Teoplitz结构协方差矩阵的TLS-ESPRIT算法在20dB信噪比下,可以分辨出相隔0.2瑞利波束宽度的空间信号。     

PSK伪码速率估计

在电子侦察中码速率参数没有先验知识,因此需要对其进行估计。本文提出了一种BPSK(B inary phase-sh ift key ing)和QPSK(Q uadrature phase-sh ift key ing)相位编码信号的码速率估计方法。首先估计信号的载频和初相,然后由估计的参数构造相关接收机,相关接收机的输出在相位跳变处出现拐点,利用拐点之间的距离进行码元宽度估计。仿真结果表明,本方法比H aar小波变换法性能好,尤其在信噪比低于7 dB时,仍然具有较好的性能。对31位M序列,信噪比在0 dB时,均方根误差接近0.01。     

基于倒序相关累加的信号到达时间盲估计

研究了在信号频率、初相、幅度未知条件下,矩形包络复正弦信号到达时间盲估计算法.先利用相关检测对信号的起、止时间进行粗估计,估计出信号频率,并将其变换到基带,经倒序累加后的信号模值,在到达时刻将出现拐点并达到最大输出信噪比,检测出拐点位置,作为到达时间精估计.文中推导了离散矩形包络复正弦信号到达时间估计的克拉美罗限.计算机仿真表明,本方法在较低信噪比条件下可实现对信号到达时间的精确估计.     

基于LMD-PARAFAC的欠定盲源分离

平行因子(Parallel Factor,PARAFAC)作为一种张量数据处理算法,在宽松约束条件下其模型分解具有唯一性。本文将局域均值分解(Local mean decomposition,LMD)和PARAFAC相结合,提出一种新的欠定盲源分离算法。利用局域均值分解得到观测信号的生产函数(Production functions,PF)分量,再与原观测信号组合得到新的观测信号,从而将欠定混合转换为额定或超定混合源分离问题。对新观测信号进行白化预处理并构造为PARAFAC模型,并利用三线性交替最小二乘(Trilinear Alternating Least Square,TALS)算法实现PARAFAC模型分解,从而得到源信号的估计。通过仿真结果表明LMDPARAFAC算法能够从非平稳欠定混合信号中准确估计源信号。将所提算法应用到多机振动源实验中,实验结果进一步验证了该算法的有效性。     

S模式前导脉冲过零点提取与TOA时间戳精确度研究

前导脉冲信号到达时间（Time of arrival，TOA）估计精确度直接影响多点定位精确度。在差分匹配滤波器数学模型基础上，分析理想脉冲信号差分匹配滤波器TOA精确度与采样频率的关系。讨论非理想脉冲信号之间的时间结构关系，提出基于S模式前导四脉冲信号构造差分匹配滤波器校准时间戳的改进算法，实现过零点的准确估计。从信噪比、采样频率和复杂度仿真数据输出的均方根误差对比可见，通过四脉冲滤波获得的TOA精确度要比单脉冲和双脉冲滤波获得TOA精确度高。匹配滤波器和差分匹配滤波器TOA精确度对比分析结果表明，修正的差分匹配滤波器算法有更好的效果。在采样频率 40 MHz、信噪比为40 dB时，四脉冲信号差分匹配滤波器TOA精确度为0.402 7 μs，远远小于国际民航组织规定的时间误差精度最大值25 μs。最后实际空管运行数据验证结果证明了本文修正算法估算TOA的精确度和可用性。     

基于频偏校正的正弦波频率估计算法

提出了一种新的正弦信号频率估计方法。利用FFT对信号频率作粗估计,然后对原信号下变频至基带。对基带信号作相位差分,估计频偏。最后对粗估计进行频率校正,使估计性能得到提高。在整个频段上该方法与R ife算法性能互补,在此基础上又提出了综合方法。仿真结果表明,该频率校正算法实现简单,运算量小,且性能不随被估计信号的频率分布而产生波动,在适度信噪比条件下均方根误差小于1.5倍的CRLB,具有广阔的应用前景。     

卫星通信中SOQPSK TG恒包络信号的极化分集接收技术

针对卫星通信功率受限、带宽受限、功放非线性等特点,提出采用极化分集接收技术对成形偏移正交相移键控(Shaped offset quadrature phase shift keying,SOQPSK)信号进行解调。利用SOQPSK信号部分响应形式SOQPSK-TG的恒包络、高频谱利用率特点以满足现代卫星通信需求。引入极化分集接收技术,通过最大比合并获得分集增益,可使经历了衰落且相对独立的多路信号相互补偿,改善输出信噪比。仿真结果表明,在最大衰落深度20dB条件下,本文所提算法与传统单路解调相比可获得5~10dB平均信噪比增益,能够克服单路解调存在的深零点影响,有效解决了因卫星姿态变化引起的通信中断问题,显著提高了系统性能。     

Wideband Signal Detection Based on MWC Discrete Compressed Sampling Structure

In order to solve the cross-channel signal problem caused by the uniform channelized wideband digital receiver when processing wideband signal and the problem that the sensitivity of the system greatly decreases when the bandwidth of wideband digital receiver increases,which both decrease the wideband radar signal detection performance,a new wideband digital receiver based on the modulated wideband converter(MWC)discrete compressed sampling structure and an energy detection method based on the new receiver are proposed.Firstly,the proposed receiver utilizes periodic pseudo-random sequences to mix wideband signals with baseband and other sub-bands.Then the mixed signals are low-pass filtered and downsampled to obtain the baseband compressed sampling data,which can increase the sensitivity of the system.Meanwhile,the cross-channel signal will all appear in any subbands,so the cross-channel signal problem can be solved easily by processing the baseband compressed sampling data.Secondly,we establish the signal detection model and formulate the criterion of the energy detection method.And we directly utilize the baseband compressed sampling data to carry out signal detection without signal reconstruction,which decreases the complexity of the algorithm and reduces the computational burden.Finally,simulation experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed receiver and show that the proposed signal detection method is effective in low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)compared with the conventional energy detection and the probability of detection increases significantly when SNR increases.     

A Generalized Propagator Algorithm for Localization of Non-circular Sources Using Arbitrary Array Geometry

A propagator-based algorithm for direction of arrival(DOA)estimation of noncoherent one-dimensional(1-D) non-circular sources is presented such as binary phase shift keying(BPSK) and amplitude modulation(AM). The algorithm achieves DOA estimation through searching a 1-D spectrum,which is newly formed on the basis of the rank reduction criterion,and works well without knowledge of the non-circular phases. And then,a searchfree implementation of the algorithm is also developed by using the polynomial rooting technique. According to the noncircular property,the algorithm can virtually enlarge the array aperture,thus significantly improving its estimation accuracy and enabling it to handle more sources than the number of sensors. Moreover,the algorithm requires no rotational invariance,so it can be applied to arbitrary array geometry and dispense with the high-complexity procedure of the eigen-decomposition of the correlation sample matrix. Finally,numerical simulations verify the performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Low-Complexity DOA Estimation of Noncircular Signals for Coprime Sensor Arrays

This paper presents a low-complexity method for the direction-of-arrival(DOA)estimation of noncircular signals for coprime sensor arrays. The noncircular property is exploited to improve the performance of DOA estimation. To reduce the computational complexity,the rotational invariance propagator method(RIPM)is included in the algorithm. First,the extended array output is reconstructed by combining the array output and its conjugated counterpart. Then,the RIPM is utilized to obtain two sets of DOA estimates for two subarrays. Finally,the true DOAs are estimated by combining the consistent results of the two subarrays. This illustrates the potential gain that both noncircularity and coprime arrays provide when considered together. The proposed algorithm has a lower computational complexity and a better DOA estimation performance than the standard estimation of signal parameters by the rotational invariance technique and Capon algorithm. Numerical simulation results illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed algorithm.     

A Real-Valued 2D DOA Estimation Algorithm of Noncircular Signal via Euler Transformation and Rotational Invariance Property

The problem of two-dimensional(2 D)direction of arrival(DOA)estimation for double parallel uniform linear arrays is investigated in this paper.A real-valued DOA estimation algorithm of noncircular(NC)signal is proposed,which combines the Euler transformation and rotational invariance(RI)property between subarrays.In this work,the effective array aperture is doubled by exploiting the noncircularity of signals.The complex arithmetic is converted to real arithmetic via Euler transformation.The main contribution of this work is not only extending the NC-Euler-ESPRIT algorithm from uniform linear array to double parallel uniform linear arrays,but also constructing a new 2 Drotational invariance property between subarrays,which is more complex than that in NCEuler-ESPRIT algorithm.The proposed 2 DNC-Euler-RI algorithm has much lower computational complexity than2 DNC-ESPRIT algorithm.The proposed algorithm has better angle estimation performance than 2 DESPRIT algorithm and 2 D NC-PM algorithm for double parallel uniform linear arrays,and is very close to that of 2 D NC-ESPRIT algorithm.The elevation angles and azimuth angles can be obtained with automatically pairing.The proposed algorithm can estimate up to 2(M-1)sources,which is two times that of 2 D ESPRIT algorithm.Cramer-Rao bound(CRB)of noncircular signal is derived for the proposed algorithm.Computational complexity comparison is also analyzed.Finally,simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness and usefulness of the proposed algorithm.     

基于带限随机信号相位谱的分数延时估计方法

传统延时估计方法的精度受采样间隔的限制。为提高精度,提出一种新的适用于宽带信号的分数延时估计方法。该方法将周期图法与抛物线插值应用于带限随机信号的互相关谱,可以获得连续的延时估计。文中通过一系列仿真实验对该方法与其他分数延时估计方法的性能进行比较。结果表明,该方法的性能优于其他估计方法,在信噪比较高的情况下,可以接近克拉美罗下界。由于发射信号具有宽带和随机的特点,该方法适用于低截获概率雷达。     

基于线性模型最优预测的高光谱图像压缩

高光谱图像取得较高的光谱分辨率对于分类和识别很有益.但与此同时也带来了巨大的数据量,使其压缩成为必需.传统的预测方法能够在一定程度上去除谱带之间的相关性,但其预测系数不能利用高光谱图像谱带间的信息进行自适应的调整,使得预测效果不是最优.本文建立了高光谱图像谱带间的线性模型,推导出在信噪比最优下的预测.该方法能够更好地降低预测后图像的熵值.实验表明,相对于传统方法重建的平均信噪比提高了4.606 4 dB.     

基于运动物体高阶多普勒效应的横向速度估计

目标与雷达存在相对径向运动时回波相位一次项发生变化,产生多普勒效应.多普勒效应广泛用于雷达信号处理.目标横向运动分量不会导致回波相位一次项变化,但会导致回波相位高次项的变化,据此本文提出横向运动物体的高阶多普勒效应及其横向速度的计算方法.高阶多普勒效应与常规多普勒效应配合可以计算任意向平稳运动物体的标量速度.文中给出了计算方法和仿真结果.当目标横向运动速度为900 km/h,且回波信号信噪比大于0 dB时,计算误差小于0.06 %.     

Performance of Cross-Layer Design with Power Allocation in Space-Time Coded MIMO Systems

A cross-layer design（CLD）scheme with combination of power allocation,adaptive modulation（AM）and automatic repeat request（ARQ）is presented for space-time coded MIMO system under imperfect feedback,and the corresponding system performance is investigated in a Rayleigh fading channel.Based on imperfect feedback information,a suboptimal power allocation（PA）scheme is derived to maximize the average spectral efficiency（SE）of the system.The scheme is based on a so-called compressed SNR criterion,and has a closed-form expression for positive power allocation,thus being computationally efficient.Moreover,it can improve SE of the presented CLD.Besides,due to better approximation,it obtains the performance close to the existing optimal approach which requires numerical search.Simulation results show that the proposed CLD with PA can achieve higher SE than the conventional CLD with equal power allocation scheme,and has almost the same performance as CLD with optimal PA.However,it has lower calculation complexity.