About the equilibrium and stability of the magnetopause

This paper offers a model of the magnetopause based on the theory of the contact discontinuity; the boundary layer between the two states of space plasma. The structure of the magnetopause is explored for the effects of polarization, and the profiles of the polarizing electrostatic field are obtained.     

Kinetic theory of the current sheath. I. On polarization of an equilibrium current sheath

The basic theme of this paper is the investigation of the polarizing electric fields caused by anisotropy of thermal plasma of a current sheath. The paper provides a generalization of the equilibrium distribution function of the current sheath (Harris function) to the case of temperature anisotropy of plasma along and across the sheath. It appears that solution of the electroneutral equilibrium represents a narrow class of solutions and is true only for certain relations between the parameters of the problem. In the general case, the plasma of a stationary current sheath is polarized. The structure of the current sheath of a magnetosphere tail is investigated with regard to the effect of polarization, and profiles of the polarization electric fields are obtained. This field should be taken into account in the study of current sheath stability.     

椭圆回路下暗条电流的特性

给出了椭圆暗条电流回路下暗条垂直平衡方程,并用它计算了NOAA131活动区暗条的平衡电流,分析了其暗条电流的特性.      

绳系微小卫星的旋转编队飞行

针对三星编队飞行问题,提出一种绳系控制方法,在自旋刚体卫星的平衡分析的基础上,建立了Thomson和Likins Pringle平衡构形的绳系三星编队模型,通过对编队系统的稳定性分析得到了两种构形下的稳定条件,并给出了三种控制策略用以解决Likins-Pringle构形不能满足平衡条件的问题。最后经过仿真验证了理论分析的正确性,并对三种控制策略进行了检验,结果表明Thomson构形无须辅助手段,在满足特定条件下可以稳定运行,Likins-Pringle构形采用弹簧系统和喷气辅助绳系控制时满足特定条件也可以稳定运行。     

基于程序变异的Simulink模型测试方法

为解决当前Simulink模型变异测试中测试执行开销大、测试用例生成效率低等问题,首先根据当前的Simulink模型变异算子集,基于程序变异技术提出了Simulink模型的变异测试过程和一组改进变异算子集.实验表明,在不影响测试用例集变异评分的情况下,该组变异算子集能够有效减少变异模型的生成数量,从而降低测试开销.其次,设计了一种基于搜索的Simulink模型变异测试用例生成方法,该方法将变异模型的测试用例生成问题转换为目标函数极小化问题,通过模拟退火算法对目标函数寻优,最终搜索出能够杀死该变异模型的测试用例.最后,将该方法应用于典型案例,验证了方法的正确性和有效性.      

有剪切速度的Sweet-Parker薄电流片在非线性阶段的不稳定性研究

以Harris Sheet作为初始条件, 使用数值模拟的方法, 研究了二级磁岛不稳定重联的一些性质. 在模拟中随着初始扰动的加入, Harris Sheet将演化到非线性阶段, 形成更薄的有剪切速度的电流片, 并伴有一级磁岛产生. 当Lundquist数大于或等于105时, 非均匀剪切速度的Sweet-Parker电流片开始不稳定, 并有二级磁岛出现. 不稳定Sweet-Parker电流片对应的临界长宽比为65. Lundquist数越大, 演化形成的Sweet-Parker电流片越薄, 更多的二级磁岛将出现, 且沿电流片两边向外喷出, 随时间变大, 相互合并. 二级磁岛的出现使重联率增大, 并与Lundquist数之间不再满足S-1/2的关系, 而似乎对它的依赖关系不明显.      

Formation flying for magnetic sails around artificial equilibrium points

This paper investigates the problem of magnetic sail-based spacecraft formation control around the artificial equilibrium points (AEPs), which can eliminate the requirement of the propellant. The thrusts are achieved by utilizing the interaction between the solar wind and the artificial magnetosphere generated by superconducting current coil onboard. The circular restricted three-body problem (CRTBP) of magnetic sail is discussed including the allowed regions and linear stability of AEPs, the locations of collinear AEPs and the possibility of existence of periodic orbits around the collinear AEPs. Next, the dynamical models of magnetic sail formation around the collinear AEPs are established. A novel fast fixed-time nonsingular terminal sliding mode controller (FFNTSM) based on fixed-time disturbance observer (FTDO) is developed to account for external disturbances. Several numerical simulations are conducted to substantiate that spacecraft formation can be precisely controlled by the proposed propellantless propulsion method in the presence of external disturbances.     

What are the physical mechanisms of eruptions and CMEs?

CMEs are due to physical phenomena that drive both, eruptions and flares in active regions. Eruptions/CMEs must be driven from initially force-free current-carrying magnetic field. Twisted flux ropes, sigmoids, current lanes and pattern in photospheric current maps show a clear evidence of currents parallel to the magnetic field. Eruptions occur starting from equilibria which have reached some instability threshold. Revisiting several data sets of CME observations we identified different mechanisms leading to this unstable state from a force free field. Boundary motions related to magnetic flux emergence and shearing favor the increase of coronal currents leading to the large flares of November 2003. On the other hand, we demonstrated by numerical simulations that magnetic flux emergence is not a sufficient condition for eruptions. Filament eruptions are interpreted either by a torus instability for an event occurring during the minimum of solar activity either by the diffusion of the magnetic flux reducing the tension of the restraining arcade. We concluded that CME models (tether cutting, break out, loss of equilibrium models) are based on these basic mechanisms for the onset of CMEs.     

Interactions of solar wind plasma with dust grains: Effects of strong plasma anisotropy

In this paper we re-examined the fundamental physics of charging of a dust particle in the moon environment by tenuous anisotropic solar wind plasma. The majority of work on dusty (complex) plasmas is largely concerns with laboratory plasmas, in which charging process of dust grains is very fast, thus making practical the working concept of dynamically equilibrium floating potential and grain charge. However, solar wind plasma parameters are considerably different at the moon orbit, and we found the characteristic charging time of lunar dust grains to be considerably longer, ranging from 3 to 4.6 min for micron size particles, and up to 7.6 h for 10-nm grains, depending on the value of plasma streaming velocity. These findings make it clear that the transient stage of charging process is important in the moon environment, and equilibrium floating potential and grain charge could be considered as long time asymptotic values. For this reason we re-formulated the moon dust charging process as an inherently time-dependent problem and derived the time-dependent charging equation for the grain potential for general case of anisotropic solar wind plasma. Using the results of our kinetics analysis we found that the distribution of charge density over grain surface submerged into solar wind plasma is highly anisotropic, thus making the OML model, which is based on the assumption of isotropic distribution of surface charge density, not applicable to the grain charging problem by the solar wind plasma.     

用一般脉宽调制器构造的变频式脉宽调制器

提出为直流变换器增加一个控制变量的概念,以弥补现行直流变换器只有一个调节变量引起的一些缺陷.本文选定的控制变量是直流变换器的运行频率f,将它与一次电源电压V联系起来,使f随V上升按预设的规律下降,以解决直流变换器以固定频率运行时这种情况下出现的许多问题,如开关管发热加剧等.实现这一设想的主要问题是将一般脉宽调制器构造成变频式脉宽调制器.现以脉宽调制器1842/3/4/5(简记为184X)和1842A/3A/4A/5A(简记为184XA)为例,给出了将它构造成变频式脉宽调制器的方法,示出了可实现的变频特性.设计了两个将一次电源电压转换为变频式脉宽调制器输入电压的线性转换电路,推导了计算这些电路中各元件参数的表达式.实验结果与设计一致.     

失重时球腔内液体晃动特性的研究

本文研究了在失重状态下球形腔体内液体的晃动问题.首先分析了静液面的形状, 并用多项式构造了一类特征函数, 进而求解了球腔内液体晃动的力学特性, 并通过数字计算得到了一些晃动参数:如晃动频率、动力系数、阻尼比等.      

一种基于状态反馈的比例伺服阀控制方法

在电液比例伺服阀中，液动力存在较强的非线性，开环控制下驱动电流与阀芯位移的线性度较差，使用传统PID控制算法难以达到良好控制效果。针对该现象，在分析阀芯液动力特性的基础上，提出了一种位置负反馈式的控制方法。通过搭建比例伺服阀的控制器模型和阀芯受力模型，开展试验验证。结果表明该方法能够有效地解决了控制中的电流—阀芯位移的非线性问题，控制稳定性有明显的提升。     

Properties of transit trajectory in the restricted three and four-body problem

In the restricted three-body problem if the Jacobi constant is just below the value corresponding to Lagrangian point only a little neck exists around the equilibrium point and capture trajectories are indicated as low-energy. Capture properties depend on the dynamics around these critical points and qualitative results can be obtained using linearized systems. In this paper, to study transit trajectory properties in the restricted three and four-body problem, the Earth–Moon–Sun–Satellite system is considered as example and studied using different models. In the circular restricted three-body problem (Earth–Moon–Satellite), transit, non transit and asymptotic trajectories, are easily identified by using the principal reference frame. Dynamics around Lagrangian point are then studied introducing the Moon eccentricity into the elliptical restricted three-body model. A preferential region for transit orbit is individuated and studied as a function of eigenvalue properties. To introduce the Sun effect, the bi-circular four-body model is considered and dynamics around Lagrangian points studied as a function of angular distance between Earth–Sun and Earth–Moon line. Finally, results obtained in the elliptical three-body model and bi-circular four-body model, are compared with numerical simulations using real Sun–Moon–Earth ephemeris.     

月球车牵引力优化控制

月球车的运动控制是月球车完成探测任务的前提．为了解决月球车在月球表面上的运动控制问题,针对月壤环境以及月球车驱动系统冗余的特点,研究月球车闭环协调牵引控制问题．对非结构化环境且轮地之间存在滑移的6轮摇臂悬架月球车进行运动学建模与分析,建立相应的动力学方程以及准静态平衡方程,并使用零空间优化的思想对月球车的力分配进行优化配置,最后给出仿真结果,验证了算法的有效性．     

关于大电流测试问题的研究

采用电流比较仪,AD交直流标准电阻,高准确度数字多用表组成校验系统,解决大电流测试问题.     

含模糊参数振动系统的Taylor级数展开法

为研究模糊参数约束条件下振动结构模糊有限元平衡方程特征值的问题,通过模糊集合理论中隶属度的性质,把振动结构的不确定模糊参量表示成区间形式,得到区间有限元平衡方程,利用所提Taylor级数展开法求解可以得到特征值所在的区间集.将α水平截集下得到的区间解,通过模糊分解定理构造出振动结构模糊有限元平衡方程的模糊解,从而可以得到模糊参数约束条件下振动结构的固有频率的变化范围,为结构的模糊可靠性评价奠定了基础.通过数值算例表明了所提方法的可行性.     

Attitude stability and periodic attitudes of rigid spacecrafts on the stationary orbits around asteroid 216 Kleopatra

In this work, equilibrium attitude configurations, attitude stability and periodic attitude families are investigated for rigid spacecrafts moving on stationary orbits around asteroid 216 Kleopatra. The polyhedral approach is adopted to formulate the equations of rotational motion. In this dynamical model, six equilibrium attitude configurations with non-zero Euler angles are identified for a spacecraft moving on each stationary orbit. Then the linearized equations of attitude motion at equilibrium attitudes are derived. Based on the linear system, the necessary conditions of stability of equilibrium attitudes are provided, and stability domains on the spacecraft’s characteristic plane are obtained. It is found that the stability domains are distributed in the first and third quadrants of the characteristic plane and the stability domain in the third quadrant is separated into two regions by an unstable belt. Subsequently, we present the linear solution around a stable equilibrium attitude point, indicating that there are three types of elemental periodic attitudes. By means of numerical approaches, three fundamental families of periodic solutions are determined in the full attitude model.     

国土卫星像片在水库诱发地震研究中的应用

应用我国1985年10月发射的国土资源调查卫星资料研究河北省潘家口水库及其邻近地区的地质构造特征。结合近年来这一地区的地震活动、地壳应力实测资料,应用“密度平衡椭球体理论”探讨水库诱发地震问题。从而指出该区将可能发生不大于5级的地震,并提请有关部门重视这一问题。     

Surface shape control of integrated paraboloid space reflector consisting of sub-reflectors exploiting modulated solar pressure

Reflectors are very critical space elements and can be used not only as solar collectors/reflectors, telecommunication radio antennas and telescopes but also for dual-usage such as solar sails and solar concentrators to probe and sublimate materials from asteroids when actively controlling the surface shape. In this paper, the surface shape of a slack reflector with negligible elastic deformations will be controlled to be a paraboloid by actively modulating the solar radiation pressure (SRP) force using reflectivity control devices (RCDs) across the reflector. Nonlinear static equilibrium equations for an arbitrary infinitesimal within the reflector along the radial, circumferential and transverse directions are established considering the external modulated SRP force and internal tensions respectively. The coupled radial stress differential governing equation and reflectivity algebraic equation are obtained for the paraboloid reflector by the help of the formulation of an inverse problem based on equilibrium equations previously established. Some analytical and numerical analysis for reflectors with ideal and non-perfect SRP force models are performed respectively. The conclusions concerning about how to control the reflector’s surface shape successfully using allowed reflectivity, resulting in reasonable stress range, moreover, how to get the feasible solutions influenced by the reflector’s size parameters, are all based on the presented analytical and numerical analysis.