民用飞机电子电气设备舱门高强度辐射场(HIRF)防护设计研究

适航规章CCAR-25中给出了航空器暴露在高强度辐射场(HIRF)中应满足的抗干扰要求,针对某型号民用飞机电子电气设备舱门对HIRF环境防护能力较弱的问题,提出一些提升舱门HIRF防护能力的优化设计建议。在对飞机电子电气设备舱门HIRF防护能力研究时,以该型号民用飞机电子电气设备舱门为研究对象,将舱门与电子电气设备舱结构模型简化成复杂金属腔体开环形孔缝的模型,并类比开孔矩形金属腔体的电磁屏蔽效能的研究,归纳出可能提升结构HIRF防护能力的结构优化设计方向。依据优化设计方向规划了3个舱门结构优化方案,并对该型号民用飞机进行低电平扫掠场(LLSF)试验以验证优化方案的有效性,对试验结果分析表明,所提的建议对于提高电子电气设备舱门HIRF防护能力是有效的。     

机载电子电气系统雷电间接效应防护与验证

越来越多的机载电子电气系统替代传统机电系统执行飞机关键/重要系统功能,而这类机载电子电气系统雷电间接效应防护技术水平直接关系到飞行安全与完成预期任务.囚此,飞机系统雷电间接效应防护能力是基于飞机系统防护和机载电子电气系统雷电间接效应防护水平.     

航空机载电子设备防护设计

简述了机载电子设备防护的重要性,提出了进行防护设计的若干原则和具体意见。     

基于TVS管的机载电子设备数据接口雷电防护设计

针对机载电子设备数据接口的雷电防护要求,本文介绍了机载电子设备雷电防护器件的选择依据,分析了基于TVS管的数据接口雷电防护方法和电路拓扑结构,给出了计算公式并指出了TVS管用于数据接口雷电防护设计中需要注意的问题。     

机载RS-485总线接口防护设计与维修

通过分析机载电子设备RS-485总线的工作原理与工作特点,总结了机载RS-485总线易损坏的原因。提出了RS-485总线三级接口防护电路设计,针对每种防护电路给出了具体的设计原理与防护损坏种类,最后给出了RS-485总线防护电路的维修检测方法。     

选用灌封材料的热机械准则

灌封材料通常指的是浇注在电子元器件周围的塑性材料,用来防护电子元器件,在搬运或振动时作为支撑,有时要具有导热、介电等其它作用。由于灌封材料与电子元器件材料在热膨胀系数间的差别,可能在灌封材料中造成     

航空发动机FADEC闪电防护部件检查间隔分析

为确定航空发动机全权限数字电子控制（FADEC）闪电防护部件检查间隔,以限时派遣分析方法为基础,分别在2种典型FADEC构型的马尔可夫模型中引入闪电防护部件失效状态。通过对模型稳态解的计算推导,形成推力控制丧失概率与闪电防护部件检查间隔的函数。以某型发动机FADEC失效数据为例,呈现了闪电防护部件检查间隔分析过程。结果表明：若闪电防护部件失效率足够低,2种构型的闪电防护部件失效对推力控制丧失概率的贡献均不超过2%,不需要单独制定闪电防护部件的检查计划,防护功能的检查可与被保护单元的修理合并;若闪电防护部件失效率高于被保护单元失效率的1/10,闪电防护部件失效对推力控制丧失概率的贡献可能超过20%,则有必要对闪电防护部件制定专门的检查计划。     

强磁对空间带电粒子环境影响研究

为避免空间带电粒子在强磁作用下发生偏转,造成局部区域内粒子通量增加,导致卫星设备损坏的情况,针对太空中辐射带、太阳耀斑以及宇宙射线中的典型粒子能谱特征和在强磁作用下的运动特性开展研究。建立数学模型,以典型卫星重要单机设备布局位置作为测试区,对粒子通量变化率进行仿真。仿真结果表明:卫星强磁场环境对穿透本体的质子通量几乎无影响,对低能段电子产生较为显著影响,可能导致部分单机设备区域电子通量增加,需相应采取屏蔽防护以及静电放电防护措施,为整星电磁防护设计提供依据。     

电子战中无人机的任务及生存能力研究

本文阐述了在电子战中无人机可能执行的任务,包括电子支援（测向、定位）、电子进攻（主要有有源干扰、无源干扰、硬杀伤）以及电子防护,并介绍了在电子战的条件下,采用无源定位和扩频道遥控技术降低无人机系统的电磁辐射（主要指射频辐射）和截获概率从而增强无人机生存能力的方法。     

静电防护在航空维修中的应用

在航空机务维护的过程中,需要时时刻刻做好静电的防护工作,否则会造成不必要的浪费和损失,甚至是事故。对电子系统的维护过程中,会经常遇到电子仪表或电子设备损坏而需要进行更换的情况,如果静电防护措施不当,则会使新装的仪表或设备被静电损坏;对油箱的维护过程中,会经常遇到机务人员进入油箱进行检查或维修的情况,如果不注意静电的防护,     

可实时重构的国际C站卫星模拟器

我国自行研制的国际标准C频段统一测控系统,配置了功能齐全的卫星模拟器,但其一星一模拟器的方式已不能适应当前多星管理和未来星座管理的需要。本文旨在探讨利用现有的微波宽带器件技术和软件无线电技术,用一套硬件系统,根据需要实时重构成所需卫星的模拟器,达到多星共用一套模拟器,实现小型化、实时性的目的。     

S频段小数分频锁相环频率合成器实现与应用

传统的整数分频锁相环频率合成技术无法在单个环路实现高频率、低分辨率和低相噪的目标,小数分频锁相环在提高鉴相频率的同时减小分频计数值,从而降低相位噪声。针对USB统一测控系统的需要,本文提出基于单片小数分频锁相环的微波频率合成方法。实验结果表明,小数分频锁相环频率合成器具备良好的信号输出特性,可以为测控系统提供低成本频率合成方案。     

Future Instrumentation for the Study of the Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium

We briefly review capabilities and requirements for future instrumentation in UV- and X-ray astronomy that can contribute to advancing our understanding of the diffuse, highly ionised intergalactic medium.     

MLS: keeping pace with the future

It is argued that the instrument landing system (ILS) is now at its operational limit in terms of radio frequency availability, approach flexibility, and technology. The operational requirements for a microwave landing system (MLS), which will overcome key limitations of the ILS and provide growth to meet future requirements of precision landing systems, are discussed, John F. Kennedy (JFK) International Airport and LaGuardia Airport in New York City are discussed as examples to demonstrate the capabilities of MLS     

The case for ILS

In response to the interest and activity in microwave landing systems (MLSs), the capability of instrument landing systems (ILSs) is examined and a case for their continued implementation is made. The changes that have been made with respect to electronic hardware, monitoring, and antenna systems in response to more stringent demands are reviewed. It is argued that there is no technical impediment to the installation of additional and upgraded ILS installations over the 1990s and that these installations would be cost effective and pay back the investments before being displaced by MLS     

The National Transonic Facility

The National Transonic Facility, NTF, is a high Reynolds Number facility where the increase in Reynolds Number is obtained by operating at high pressures and low temperatures. Liquid nitrogen is allowed to vaporize, making gaseous nitrogen the test medium with temperatures extending down to approximately 100 degrees Kelvin. These factors have created unique, new challenges to those developing sensors and instrumentation. Pressure vessels, thermal enclosures or elaborate temperature compensations schemes, are needed for environmental protection and special materials are needed for sensors and model fabrication. The need for a new measurement, model deformation, was also created. An extensive program to develop the unique sensors and instrumentation was initiated. The data acquisition system and systems to measure aerodynamic forces and pressures, model attitude, and model deformation, are discussed.     

New fire/smoke detection and fire extinguishing systems for aircraft applications

This paper gives an overview on the European Commission funded FIREDETEX Research Project. The project focuses on two aspects of aircraft fire protection: fire detection and fire suppression. New physical and chemical ways of detecting fire at an early stage will be investigated including detection in non-protected areas such as electronic bays. In the frame of halon replacement research the project will investigate the capabilities of an combined water mist/nitrogen suppression system. The project consortium consists of a partnership of 12 companies. Universities and Research Establishments from 5 European countries.     

EM Transient Protection Requirements for Avionics LRUs

Avionics and electronic equipment installed in aircraft and air breathing missiles are required to operate without upset or damage when subjected to EM environments caused by lightning, NEMP, and Intrasystems transients. To simplify the design effort required to protect electronic equipment and minimize overlapping transient requirements and qualification tests, unified test requirements and procedures are needed. The goal of these unified test procedures would be to insure a known susceptibility level for each newly designed electronic Line Replaceable Unit (LRU). Ten avionics equipments in current Air Force inventory were tested for the purpose of developing unified procedure test methods. Operating LRUs were subjected to transients using common mode cable current (CMCC), groung potentials and chatteriing relay cable injection methods. Based on observed test results and review of current test requirements, test methods and test levels for unified test procedures for power-on transient tests of avionics equipment have been formulated.     

Specifying an IVI class for digital test instrumentation

This paper presents an overview of work being done by Teradyne in conjunction with the IVI Foundation to specify an IVI class for digital instrumentation. The Interchangeable Virtual Instruments (IVI) Foundation was formed in August 1997 to define standard specifications for programming common test instrument capabilities. The paper will present the major architectural aspects of digital test instrumentation and how those features can be grouped into classes for the purpose of writing an instrument independent driver. Topics discussed will include derivation of capability classes, class extensions, simulation, and range checking. Examples of how the IVI digital class would apply to the Teradyne M9-Series Digital Test Instrument will be included. Conclusions will summarize the unique attributes of digital test instrumentation, the benefits which can be achieved through standardization, and the tradeoffs associated with utilizing class extensions     

A methodology for addressing support equipment obsolescence

The rapid growth of technology over the last twenty years is providing vastly improved capabilities for both avionics and avionics test systems. Unfortunately, an environment of rapid technological growth breeds a corresponding environment of rapid technological obsolescence. Test systems developed fifteen years ago are becoming increasingly more difficult to support due to obsolescence issues and, additionally, such a test system does not reflect the current state-of-the-art for automatic test equipment. The ability of a test system to evolve is essential to providing cost-effective support systems for electronic systems. The F-15 Tactical Electronic Warfare System (TEWS) Intermediate Support System (TISS) was developed under the Modular Automatic Test Equipment (MATE) guidelines to support the suite of F-15 electronic warfare LRUs. MATE imposed hardware architecture constraints, which were factors that contributed to its abandonment. However, the modular aspect of MATE has provided a system that can easily evolve with technological advancements. Modularity is the cornerstone of modern software systems and this is the aspect that has been exploited in the evolution of the TISS