不同温度和应力状态下Ni-Ti形状记忆合金力学行为分析

为了研究Ni-Ti形状记忆合金在不同应力状态下的力学行为,文中通过分离式Hopkinson杆实验装置分别对不同Ni-Ti形状记忆合金试样进行了动态拉伸和压缩试验。实验温度从291~573 K。从不同应力状态和试验温度的试验结果分析中发现:Ni-Ti形状记忆合金的相变屈服应力和位错屈服应力均随着试验温度的增加而增加;此外,同一Ni-Ti形状记忆合金压缩状态下的相变屈服应力和位错屈服应力均明显高于其拉伸状态下的相变屈服极限和位错屈服极限;而且对于同一Ni-Ti形状记忆合金,变形后材料的逆相变起始温度比变形前材料逆相变的起始温度高,且应变率越高,逆相变起始温度增加的越快。     

改性BMI／DPA和CTBN增韧环氧树脂的温度,力学性能及本构关系研究

研究了ＣＴＢＮ增韧环氧树脂和烯丙基双酚Ａ改性双马树脂（ＢＭＩ／ＤＰＡ）在不同温度和加载速率下的拉伸和压缩力学性能。对于ＣＴＢＮ 增韧环氧树脂,材料在动态拉伸情况下,随着应变率的增大,材料由韧变脆,模量升高,断裂伸长率下降;在压缩情况下,弹性模量和屈服应力均随着加载速率的增大而增大。对于改性双马树脂,在室温的动载压缩下,其模量Ｅ和屈服应力σｙ均基本上与ｌｎε呈直线关系增大,并给出了该树脂在不同加载速率下的压缩应力应变曲线。计算了两种材料的温度敏感度和加载速率敏感度以及温度和应变率对两种树脂材料屈服应力影响的本构关系。     

热变形参数对镁合金力学性能及微观组织的影响

基于热模拟机GLEEBLE1500,以AZ31为研究对象进行热压缩实验,获得材料的应力-应变曲线。用金相显微镜对不同温度及应变速率下的金相进行观察分析,并对比分析热压缩前后的微观组织。同时分析了不同温度及应变速率下材料的力学行为,其行为属于典型的动态再结晶型。当热压缩温度为350℃和400℃时,材料强度随应变速率增大而增大,且加工硬化也增大。当应变速率为0.01和0.1/s时,随着变形温度的升高,材料的应力逐渐降低。在不同温度下,应变速率为0.01/s时的应力比应变速率为0.1/s时的应力要低。     

不同温度下IC10合金的本构关系

 利用材料试验机（MTS809）测得IC10合金在很宽的温度范围（25~800 ℃）和不同应变率（10^-5~10^-2s^-1）内的应力 应变曲线。试验结果表明：室温下IC10合金的流变行为对应变率不太敏感;相同应变率（10^-4s^-1）下,流变行为对温度较敏感;在不同应变率、25~800 ℃温度范围内,IC10合金的屈服应力变化很小。基于试验数据,修正并拟合了Johnson-Cook方程,并利用该方程对不同温度和不同应变率下IC10合金的流变应力进行预测。与试验数据对比表明,修正后的Johnson-Cook方程能较好地描述IC10合金在不同的温度和应变率条件下的流变行为。     

钛合金TC4高温动态压缩力学行为研究

利用分离式Hopkinson压杆和微型Hopkinson压杆测试钛合金TC4材料,在温度为20～800℃之间,应变率103/s和104/s下的压缩力学行为,定量研究温度和应变率对材料流动应力的影响规律。结果表明:随着温度升高,材料应变率呈现增大趋势,而随着应变率变化,材料温度敏感性变化不大。     

3种铝合金材料动态性能及其温度相关性对比研究

 对3种铝合金2024-T351、7050-T7451和LY12-CZ进行了温度在77～573 K的静、动态压缩（应变率10^-3～6 000/s）和拉伸（应变率10^-3～3 000/s）试验,分别得到了3种铝合金材料的应力 应变关系和失效应变。对比研究结果表明,随温度升高3种材料的塑性流动应力降低,应变率敏感性增加。最后基于Johnson-Cook模型,拟合了用以预测铝合金材料塑性流动应力的模型参数,其预测结果与试验结果吻合较好。     

三维机织芳纶／环氧复合材料应变率压缩响应研究

研究三维机织芳纶/环氧复合材料在高应变率下的压缩力学性能.运用分离式霍普金森杆(SHPB)测试不同应变率在复合材料厚度方向的压缩性能,同时对材料在准静态情况的力学性能进行测试,与高应变率下的力学性能比较表明,三维机织芳纶/环氧机织复合材料是应变率敏感材料,随着应变率的增加,压缩刚度和最大应力增加,而相应最大应力的应变则减小.     

高速冲击下块体金属玻璃动力学响应的实验研究

块体金属玻璃具有极高的力学强度,存在潜在的军事应用价值,实现其应用的关键在于认识材料在高应变率下的动力学行为特性。为此,利用飞片驱动速度可达3．5km／s的电炮加载装置,对一种新制备的锆基块体金属玻璃的动力学响应进行了实验研究。实验中,基于高精度DPS激光干涉仪测得的样品／窗口界面粒子速度波剖面,获得了新材料在应变率约为10^5／s下的冲击响应特性参数。在加载压力15～25GPa范围下,确定的Hugoniot弹性极限约为2．4GPa,线性拟合得到的冲击Hugoniot关系为Ds=（4．4±0．1）＋（0．58±0．08）up。     

三维五向编织复合材料的冲击压缩特性及破坏机制

利用分离式霍普金森压杆(split Hopkinson pressure bar,SHPB)实验系统和高速摄像技术对三维五向碳/环氧编织复合材料的动态压缩特性进行研究。通过对编织角为22.3°的试样分别进行沿纵向和横向方向的冲击压缩实验,得到材料在200~1200 s^-1应变率范围内的应力应变曲线,并结合高速摄像记录的动态压缩过程,对不同应变率下材料在高速变形下的渐进破坏规律进行分析。同时,综合试样的宏观破坏特征和微观断口形貌特征,进一步分析材料的破坏模式及破坏机理。结果表明:随着应变率的增加,材料在纵向和横向均具有一定的应变率强化效应,在横向方向的应变率强化效应更为显著;不同加载方向下材料的渐进破坏过程、应力应变曲线特征以及破坏方式均具有明显差异,且随着应变率的增加而发生改变。     

高温高应变率耦合对DD407镍基单晶合金的性能影响

为了理解一种新型DD407镍基单晶高温合金在高温高应变率下的力学行为,利用CSS4410型电子万能材料试验机和具有高温高应变率耦合试验功能的Hopkinson压杆系统测试该合金在温度293~1 273K,应变率分别为0.001、1 000及4 000/s条件下的塑性流动特性,并对变形前后的试样进行金相和SEM微观分析。结果表明:DD407合金在高应变率下的使用温度不能超过1 073K;其在压缩情况下的破坏均为剪切破坏;在温度接近或超过某一临界值,该材料的屈服强度和塑性流动应力对温度和应变率才会有很强的敏感性,与常规金属不同,该材料应变时效现象不明显。     

Dynamic tensile behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy at ultra-high strain rates

The samples having {0001} parallel to extruding direction(ED) present a typical true stress–true strain curve with concave-down shape under tension at low strain rate. Ultra-rapid tensile tests were conducted at room temperature on a textured AZ31 B magnesium alloy. The dynamic tensile behavior was investigated. The results show that at ultra-high strain rates of 1.93 · 102 s 1and 1.70 · 103 s 1, the alloy behaves with a linear stress–strain response in most strain range and exhibits a brittle fracture. In this case, {10-12} 10-11 extension twinning is basic deformation mode. The brittleness is due to the macroscopic viscosity at ultra-high strain rate, for which the external critical shear stress rapidly gets high to result in a cleavage fracture before large amounts of dislocations are activated. Because {10-12} tension twinning, {10-11} compressive twinning,basal a slip, prismatic a slip and pyramidal c + a slip have different critical shear stresses(CRSS), their contributions to the degree of deformation are very differential. In addition,Schmid factor plays an important role in the activity of various deformation modes and it is the key factor for the samples with different strain rates exhibit various mechanical behavior under dynamic tensile loading.     

TC4-DT钛合金高温热变形行为研究

利用Gleeble-3500型热模拟实验机,研究了TC4-DT损伤容限型钛合金在温度850℃～1000℃、应变速率0.01～10s-1、变形程度为40%～70%条件下的热变形行为,分析了该合金的流变应力行为及微观组织演变规律,并建立了本构关系模型。研究结果表明,TC4-DT合金在950℃以下的较低温度变形时应力软化现象非常明显,变形机制和热变形激活能不同于950℃以上的较高温度变形机制;在950℃以上高温度变形时,低应变速率(如ε=0.01s-1)促进了动态再结晶行为的发生,而在较高的应变速率(如ε=10s-1)时,一般只发生动态回复现象,动态再结晶行为受抑制。     

Ti-6Al-2Zr-1M0-1V合金的热变形行为

在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上对Ti-6A1-2Zr-1Mo-1V钛合金铸态材料进行了恒温和恒应变速率下的热压缩变形实验，温度范围是700～1000℃，应变速率范围是5×10     

添加微量Sc对Mg-3Li合金高应变率变形行为的影响

利用Hopkinson压杆对Mg-3Li和Mg-3Li-1Sc合金进行了高应变率冲击实验,分析了添加少量Sc对Mg-3Li合金冲击变形行为及其应变率效应的影响.结果表明,在1350s～3000s-1应变率范围内,两种合金的动态应力-应变行为均表现出显著的应变率强化效应.但随应变率继续升高,合金的动态变形行为转为应变率弱...     

A thermal activation based constitutive model for the dynamic deformation of AA5083 processed by large-scale equal-channel angular pressing

Aluminum alloy 5083 (AA5083) processed by large-scale Equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) is an excellent engineering material with great prospects for industrial applications. An accurate assessment of the underlying constitutive relationships with easily determined material constants is critical for the predictive design and informed processing of such structural materials. To develop such a design framework, uniaxial dynamic compressive tests over a wide range of temperatures (293–573 K) were carried out for an ECAP-processed AA5083 alloy. Additionally, the microstructure before and after dynamic loading was characterized by SEM and TEM. Based on the experimental results, a new dynamic constitutive model, based on thermal activation theory, was established to describe the plastic flow behavior of the AA5083 alloy that incorporates the effects of plastic strain, temperature, and strain rate. The input parameters of the new model were determined using a particle swarm optimization (PSO) method. The model predictions show excellent agreement with experimental results, which suggests that the current predictive constitutive model is highly effective in reproducing the dynamic deformation behavior of the large-scale ECAP-processed AA5083.     

细晶AZ31镁合金高温压缩变形行为研究

通过Gleeble-1500试验机对坯料预先经过晶粒细化处理的AZ31镁合金圆柱体试样进行单向热压缩试验,压缩温度为300～450℃,应变速率.ε为0.01s-1,0.1s-1,1.0s-1,根据试样结果分析计算了本构方程中的各参数,获得了完整的镁合金高温本构方程,进一步分析了压缩试样的显微组织。结果表明:在本试验条件下,AZ31镁合金的热变形应力指数n为6.24,热变形激活能为177.2kJ/mol。压缩试样心部组织变形程度明显高于边缘;随着温度的升高,心部压缩组织发生明显的再结晶,新晶粒在晶界处形核并长大。     

B93铝合金热加工特性模拟研究

在Gleeble1500热模拟机上采用轴对称等温压缩实验,研究了B93铝合金在热加工中变形温度和应变速率对合金组织的影响,基于动态模型计算出B93铝合金加工图,分析合金热加工的流变失稳区并确定了合金热加工的最佳工艺参数。结果表明:变形速率和变形温度对B93铝合金的微观组织有影响;合金的峰值应力随变形温度的升高而降低,随变形速率的提高而增大;B93铝合金最佳的热加工制度为:变形温度420℃左右,应变速率0.001 s-1。     

涡轮盘用IN718合金的高温低周疲劳及其裂纹扩展特性

研究了IN718合金在360℃、550℃和650℃下的低周疲劳行为及疲劳裂纹扩展速率da/dN,包括循环应力-应变行为、Massing效应、低周疲劳寿命的能量表达以及疲劳裂纹扩展速率,并讨论了保持时间对da/dN的影响。实验结果表明,该合金在各种温度下表现出循环软化,在本文所试温度下具有Massing特性,其塑性应变能与疲劳寿命在双对数坐标中呈现出很好的线性关系,其da/dN随温度的升高而增大,在650℃下保持时间对da/dN的影响很明显,而550℃时则很轻微。     

Hot deformation behavior and strain compensation constitutive model of equiaxed fine grain diffusion-welded micro-duplex TC4 titanium alloy

In this work, two-stage diffusion bonding of micro-duplex TC4 titanium alloy was carried out to study the flow behavior and constitutive models of the bonding joint and the base metal after the same thermal cycling during the hot forming process. Microstructure and mechanical properties test were used to verify the good quality of the equiaxed fine grain diffusion-welded TC4 alloy. Quasi-static tensile experiment was carried out at temperatures ranging from 750–900 °C and strain rates of 0.0001–0.1 s⁻¹. The joint showed the weak dynamic recovery at strain rates of 0.01–0.1 s⁻¹ and temperatures of 750–850 °C. At strain rates of 0.0001–0.001 s⁻¹ and temperatures of 850–900 °C, the flow stress of joint presented steady-state characteristics. Different deformation conditions lead to the remarkable difference of dynamic softening performance between the joint and heat-treated base metal, but the flow stress in elastic and strain hardening stages exhibited similar behavior. The strain compensated Arrhenius-type constitutive models of TC4 joint and heat-treated base metal were developed respectively. The fifth-order polynomial functions between the material property correlation coefficients and strain were obtained. The models have shown good correlation, with correlation coefficient values of 0.984 and 0.99. The percentage average absolute relative error for the models were found to be 10% and 9.46%, respectively.