电子能量损失谱及其在复合材料界面研究中的应用

在介绍电子能量损失谱基本原理的基础上，阐述了电子能量损失谱高能损失区在复合材料界面研究中的应用，最后，对电子能量损失谱和Ｘ射线能谱分析进行了比较。     

固体火箭发动机衬层与药柱脱粘高能X射线检测技术

衬层与药柱脱粘严重影响固体火箭发动机的结构完整性和工作安全性,该缺陷的可靠检测至关重要。文章综述了固体火箭发动机高能X射线检测技术现状。基于射线照相检测和工业CT检测手段,评述了固体火箭发动机衬层与药柱脱粘的图像分析和缺陷评判技术。针对该类缺陷,提出了综合应用射线照相技术和工业CT技术进行印证检测的方法,评判结果表明能够满足缺陷检测的可靠性与准确性要求。     

发动机推进剂高能射线半值层试验研究

制作了试验用的大型导弹发动机推进剂模块,选用了9MeV的电子加速器作为实验用的高能射线源,设计了推进剂半值层的试验方案,根据不同的推进剂的厚度,取得了相应的试验结果,通过分析得到科学的结论。     

X 射线 CT 技术在 C/ C 复合材料研究中的应用

分析了X射线CT技术的基本原理和成像模式,综述了X射线CT技术在C/C复合材料的密度测量、孔隙率、孔隙形状和分布等量化表征中的应用。同时介绍了X射线CT图像在C/C复合材料力学性能预测和裂纹扩展规律研究中的应用。     

航空发动机高能X射线测试系统

综合介绍了高能X射线测试系统在航空发动机试验中的作用和基本组成以及国内外高能X射线测试技术开发应用情况。     

耐辐照光纤的瞬态辐照实验及峰值感生损耗的测定

应用相对论强流电子脉冲加速器作辐射源,建立了一套实验系统,对耐辐照光纤进行了瞬态大剂量X射线辐照实验与研究,并同当今国际上先进的同种类光纤进行了对比,获得了瞬态峰值感生损耗等很有价值的实验结果。     

热控涂层电子辐照效应

研究防静电Kapton二次表面镜(ITO/Kapton/Al)、S781白漆两种典型热控涂层,在不同能量电子辐照后太阳吸收比退化情况,并利用X射线光电子能谱和扫描电子显微镜对样品表面的成分和形貌进行了分析。结果表明:相同电子注量下,不同能量电子对样品的太阳吸收比退化作用程度是有区别的。而样品光谱反射率、表面形貌、表面成分的损伤效应类似,说明不同能量电子辐照下,样品的退化机理是一致的。     

硼镁高能贫氧推进剂的能量分析

对硼镁高能贫氧推进剂的能量特性进行了系统的理论分析研究,并探讨了高能组分对该类贫氧推进剂能量性能的影响。研究结果表明,在硼镁高能贫氧推进剂中减少镁粉含量（或增加硼粉含量）,贫氧推进剂的比冲升高。在一定范围内,增加混气比有助于提高固体火箭冲压发动机的比冲。硼镁贫氧推进剂中采用ＣＬ－２０等高能组分可以显著提高其能量。而采用叠氮类含能粘合剂取代惰性粘合剂时,对提高贫氧推进剂的能量不利。     

退火对CoFe薄膜结构特性的影响

利用粉末冶金方法置备了Co90Fe10靶材,用X射线能量损失谱(EDX)分析靶材成分,并利用X射线衍射分析靶材的结构。CoFe薄膜在优于5.5×10-4Pa的本底真空度下室温沉积在热氧化Si基片上,样品在3×10-5Pa真空度下分别进行了450℃和500℃的60min退火处理。用EDX和俄歇电子能谱分别分析了靶材和薄膜的成分中Co,Fe的比例。X射线衍射发现沉积在热氧化Si基片上的CoFe膜(111)晶面面间距明显小于靶材相应晶面面间距,退火处理使膜(111)晶面面间距明显增大,趋向靶材面间距。磁阻特性测量表明室温沉积的薄膜磁电阻经450℃和500℃退火后得到非常明显改善。     

固体火箭发动机工业CT探测系统

本文提及X射线底片法和实时显象法检测固体发动机的局限性,介绍了具有优良探伤性能的固体发动机工业CT系统,简要推导和阐述了系统生成发动机薄断层密度分布图象原理、常用图象再建方法、系统基本组成和关键部件,评述了系统探测固体发动机的性能和检测各类缺陷的能力,讨论了其优缺点.对固体发动机工业CT系统的近期动向作了简要说明.     

Radio noise level due to electric power lines and its relation to line design parameters

The main results of radio noise measurements taken in Poland for 220 and 400 kV power lines are presented. The influence of various line parameters, such as conductor diameter and number, phase spacing, and height of conductor above ground on the radio noise level for power lines is discussed. The basic philosophy of choosing the line parameters and route at the design stage in Poland is described taking into account radio noise levels, electrical field gradients, and corona losses.     

助航灯光系统电力载波通信特性仿真研究

为了实现助航灯光系统电力载波通信可靠性传输,对灯光系统载波通信特性进行了仿真研究。研究的关键是建立接近实际电力载波系统的模型。针对信号实际传输过程中噪声干扰问题,首先设计了能滤除工频干扰信号的耦合电路;然后在此基础上,根据传输线理论和电力线路中实际的电气参数,建立灯光系统电力载波的仿真模型;最后对模型进行仿真。在去除噪声干扰的基础上,仿真结果表明灯光系统载波通信受容抗的影响最大,阻抗和感抗的改变对载波通信影响不大。     

高压脉冲圆柱形阳极层霍尔等离子体加速器实验

描述了一台大尺寸高压脉冲阳极层霍尔等离子体加速器。对其磁场分布进行了分析,并进行了初步实验,包括放电特征、离子流引出特征、离子束形貌等特性,以验证大尺寸的圆柱形阳极层霍尔等离子体加速器在高功率条件下的运行状况。实验发现此霍尔等离子体加速器工作稳定,可以在较高的功率上运行（大于3kW）,电流利用率较高,可超出90%,工作电压范围很宽,可在300～2kV工作,束流汇聚性良好。     

Implementation of nondeterministic pulsewidth modulation forinverter drives

A single-phase power factor preregulator to improve the power quality in the input side of an ac/dc/ac converter and a random pulsewidth modulation (PWM) to reduce the emitted noise energy and the mechanical vibration for an induction motor drive is proposed. The hysteresis current control (HCC) technique for a voltage source switching mode rectifier (SMR) is adopted. A control scheme is presented such that the line current is driven to follow the reference current which is derived from the dc bus voltage regulator and the output power estimator. A random pulse position technique for a three-phase voltage source inverter system to reduce the noise energy and resonant vibration from ac machine drive is described. By randomly varying the instantaneous pulse position in each switching frequency, the frequency distribution of harmonics is spread in a wide frequency range which results in reduction of torque pulsations in the ac motor drive systems. To investigate the proposed control scheme, experimental tests based on a laboratory prototype were implemented to show the nearly unity power factor at the SMR and reduce the noise energy concentrated at the specific tones     

Transient Nonstationary Behavior of a Delay Line Discriminator

The development of numerical methods for studying the transient nonstationary behavior of a delay line discriminator is presented. Expressions are developed for the mean and the variance of the output noise process. For the cases where the output is stationary, power density spectra are found.     

Specification and Performance of Passive Sonar Spectral Estimators

The application of existing estimation theory to the problem of specification and performance of passive sonar spectral estimators is considered. The classification function is addressed, so that the signal is assumed to be present, and so that the energy arrival angle is known. The spatial filter considered is a line array of M equally spaced omnidirectional hydrophones. Signal and ambient noise are both zero-mean, wide-sense, stationary Gaussian random processes that differ in their spatial correlation across the face of the array. The signal is a plane wave that can be made totally spacially corrected between array elements by inserting delays between sensors to invert the signal propagation delay. The noise correlation is a function of frequency, bandwidth, element separation, and the relative time delay between sensors. Under these assumptions, the Cramer-Rao lower bound is derived for the class of unbiased estimates of signal power in a narrow frequency band at the hydrophone in the presence of correlated ambient noise of known power. The bound is examined numerically, resulting in a threshold phenomenon with M that constitutes a new design consideration. In addition, there is a striking insensitivity to realistic values of ambient noise correlation, and there are ranges in signal-to-noise ratio for which one gains more by increasing M than by increasing the bandwidth-time product. Specific processors, including a new unbiased estimator when noise power is unknown, are developed.     

基于加速栅溅射腐蚀失效的离子推力器寿命预测

离子推力器加速栅溅射腐蚀失效是制约离子推力器寿命的关键失效模式之一.针对离子推力器长寿命、多功率条件下运行的特点,基于坑和凹槽的溅射腐蚀数据,建立模型对其进行寿命预测.通过研究离子推力器加速栅中心凹槽腐蚀深度在不同功率段下随工作时间的变化规律发现:运行功率顺序对加速栅凹槽腐蚀率影响较小,进而采用累积损伤理论建立离子推力器多功率段下运行的寿命预测模型.最后, 对美国的NASA's Evolutionary Xenon Thruster(NEXT)进行了寿命预测,预测结果寿命为46041h,与试验结果符合较好.      

He-like Ions as Practical Astrophysical Plasma Diagnostics: From Stellar Coronae to Active Galactic Nuclei

We review X-ray plasma diagnostics based on the line ratios of He-like ions. Triplet/singlet line intensities can be used to determine electronic temperature and density, and were first developed for the study of the solar corona. Since the launches of the X-ray satellites Chandra and XMM-Newton, these diagnostics have been extended and used (from C?v to Si?xiii) for a wide variety of astrophysical plasmas such as stellar coronae, supernova remnants, solar system objects, active galactic nuclei, and X-ray binaries. Moreover, the intensities of He-like ions can be used to determine the ionization process(es) at work, as well as the distance between the X-ray plasma and the UV emission source for example in hot stars. In the near future thanks to the next generation of X-ray satellites (e.g., Astro-H and IXO), higher-Z He-like lines (e.g., iron) will be resolved, allowing plasmas with higher temperatures and densities to be probed. Moreover, the so-called satellite lines that are formed closed to parent He-like lines, will provide additional valuable diagnostics to determine electronic temperature, ionic fraction, departure from ionization equilibrium and/or from Maxwellian electron distribution.     

便携式计算机电源的系统适应性研究

从便携式计算机的电源能否接在飞机电源系统这个实际问题出发．研究了便携式电子设备的电源及其充电器的适应性问题。首先根据整流理论进行了适应性论证，然后进行了计算机电源在400Hz频率系统的空载和加载试验，理论分析及试验数据结果表明，这种装置对400Hz电源系统是适应的，输出参数符合原设计要求．没有发热、振动等不良现象，可以使用。因此在新设计的飞机上，供旅客使用的电源，不必专门提供工频电源系统接口。