ADC1210型12位A/D转换器的应用开发

 一、引言 ADC1210是美国National Semiconductor公司生产的一种低功耗、中速、低价格的12位二进制码（原码、或反码、或偏置码）逐次逼近式A/D转换器。该器件采用CMOS工艺和薄膜工艺相结合的微电子技术制成。器件中包含了R-2R梯形薄膜电阻网络、CMOS模拟开关和逐次逼近逻辑电路、以及场效应管电压比较器等有关电路。其基本技术指标为分辨     

低压电动车开关磁阻电机隔离驱动技术

在传统的低压电动车开关磁阻电机(SRM)驱动系统的设计中,优先考虑的问题是系统的体积和成本。通常在MOSFET驱动电路、相电流和母线电压采样电路设计中直接忽略了数字地和功率地的隔离问题,使得整个驱动系统的可靠性大打折扣。在保持传统的非隔离驱动系统中驱动电路和电阻采样电路的基础上,提出采用高速光耦实现PWM控制信号与MOSFET驱动信号的隔离,采用线性光耦实现相电流和母线电压采样信号与控制器AD采样信号之间的隔离。该方式可以在尽量不增加系统体积和成本的情况下,实现数字地和功率地隔离,从而进一步提升低压电动车SRM驱动系统的可靠性,具有广阔的应用前景。     

Impact Potential of New Power Electronic Technologies

New technological advances in the area of power electronics are having an increasing impact on the design of aerospace control systems. These next generation power components promise improved system performance through increased electronic efficiencies. Applying state-of-the-art packaging concepts as an integral part of the system design will allow these devices to be utilized in a space efficient and reliable manner. The first portion of this paper looks at two such next generation components. The first is a High Voltage Integrated Circuit (HVIC) that provides a bridge between the low voltage controller logic and the high voltage motor winding invertor. This device achieves size reduction and an increase in reliability through integration of low and high voltage logic networks on a single integrated circuit. The second is the Insulated Gate Transistor (IGT). This device provides a high voltage switch with MOS-like drive characteristics. The present and future expectations of these power devices are discussed. This paper then looks at new packaging techniques for power devices. The impact of parasitic circuit effects have significant impact on power circuit performance. Finally, this paper looks at an example control application. The design is that of a permanent magnet motor driven actuator. The drive motor uses 270 vdc for supply voltage. Within the intelligent system controller, is the capability to control the current demands of the motor. The new power electronics devices are making the design feasible in both thermal and volume efficiency. This topic includes projected controller sizing into the 1990s.     

直流28V2A固态功率控制器的初步设计

固态功率控制器是利用功率型固体器件的导通与截止来控制功率电路的通断。本文提出了额定断开电压为直流28V,额定导通电流为2A 安的固态功率控制器的一种具体电路的设计。对电路的原理及元件选择作了说明和分析,采用消颤抖电路可消除由于机械开关触头的颤抖而引起的误动作,提高电路的可靠性。     

基于无刷直流电机的电动车控制器研究与设计

传统的电动车用无刷直流电机(BLDCM)控制器功率逆变电路,为实时检测相电流,通过电阻进行相电流采样并反馈给微控制单元(MCU)进行电流环闭环控制,然而,在功率较大的控制器电路应用中,大电流会导致功率损耗增加。为解决这一问题,以STM32系列微型单片机为核心,设计了一套电动车控制器控制电路。重点阐述BLDCM硬件控制。为改进电源短路保护电路,提出了一种新型的MOS管内阻采样方法,并制作铝基板PCB。测试结果表明:该控制电路测控性能稳定,能够应用于工业生产中。     

High power factor AC/DC/AC converter with random PWM

A three-phase AC/DC/AC converter is presented with a power factor preregulator to improve the power quality in the input side and a pseudorandom noise generator to reduce the emitted acoustic noise and the mechanical vibration for an induction motor drive. The space vector modulation with hysteresis current control for a voltage source rectifier is adopted to simplify the hardware circuit. A control scheme is presented to drive the supply current following the reference current. The amplitude of reference current for the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier is derived from the DC bus voltage regulator and the estimated output power. Random switching frequency technique for a three-phase PWM inverter system to reduce the annoying tonal noise and resonant vibration from an induction motor is described. By randomly varying the instantaneous PWM switching frequency from one cycle to the next, the frequency distribution of harmonics is spread in a wide frequency range. The major advantage for using such a strategy is the nonrepetitive output spectral characteristic that results in reduction of torque pulsations in motor drive systems. The nearly unity power factor at the three-phase rectifier and the absence of acoustic noise concentrated at the specific tones which is usually present with conventional sinusoidal modulation are verified by the experimental tests     

小束斑电子束脉冲轰击偏压电源的研制

为了获得一种性价比较高的电子束表面处理技术,采用定频调压电路,研制出一种新型偏压脉冲电源。这种电源由偏压主电路拓扑、偏压变压器和偏压整流滤波电路组成,其中偏压主电路由偏压基值发生电路和偏压脉冲发生电路组成。偏压基值发生电路控制偏压脉冲基值,偏压脉冲发生电路控制偏压脉冲频率和占空比。脉冲偏压电源的脉冲基值、脉冲频率、占空比均连续可调,相应实现脉冲束流的幅值、束流频率和占空比的调节。检测分析了脉冲偏压电源的输出电压波形,带载时的输出束流波形,并观察分析了电子束轰击后钨合金组织变化规律。结果表明所研制的脉冲偏压电源输出电压稳定、可调性好,能满足小束斑脉冲电子束轰击工艺的要求。     

Flyback Converter Output Voltage Stabilization

The expression of the flyback converter output voltage (output power) is derived as a function of the supply voltage, load resistance, transformer ratios, transistor current gain, and base-circuit resistor value. Switching period and duty cycle are also calculated. A converter circuit is designed having stabilized output voltage, with respect to supply voltage, at constant load. The transistor base current is controlled by the supply voltage, via a nonlinear circuit. This feedforward circuit approximates with logarithmic characteristics the ideal hyperbolic dependence of the transistor base current as a function of the supply voltage. The converter has high performance and low cost. A cheaper circuit variant is presented, in which the high-voltage control transistor was eliminated.     

一种小功率逆变电源的设计及实现

介绍了一种小功率逆变电源电路的实现方法。对逆变主电路、电压控制电路、驱动电路、SCOTT电路进行了研究。该逆变电源具有工作可靠、波形失真小的特点。     

龚氏桥全可控整流电路

论述桥式和全波相结合的单相可控整流电路,该电路突破可控整流电路最大输出电流点和最佳功率因数点只能在最高输出电压点上的传统,可在低电压输出电流达到桥式电路的2倍以上。桥全可控整流电路只要在桥式电路上增加一只整流或可控整流器件即可获得,不但吸取全波和桥式二类经典电路的优点,而且把二类电路包含在内,成为性能最好、电路数量最多、最高形式的单相可控整流电路。     

10kV高精度直流高压标准源的研制

详细介绍了高电压直流标准源的压制过程，直流高压标准源通过对高压的精密控制、对高压分压电路的准确测量以及合理的结构设计，具备了较高的技术性能。     

基于更新法估计空闲时间的Inter-DVS算法的优化与实现

动态电压调整(DVS)技术是软件节能技术的另一种形式。由于CMOS电路的能耗和供电电压的平方及频率成正比关系,所以降低供电电压和频率是减少能耗的最有效方法之一。本文首先对DVS的各种算法作了详细的分类分析。然后,以"使用更新法"估计空闲时间的任务间DVS算法为例,采用嵌入式Linux操作系统对其进行了优化。最后,讨论了实现具有动态电压调解功能的嵌入式Linux操作系统的节能方法。     

Maximum Power Transfer for Full-Wave Rectifier Circuits

An analysis is done to determine the maximum power transfer conditions for full-wave rectifier circuits. Potential applications noted are implanted medical instruments, inductive power transfer to weapons, power transfer using space reflectors, and power generation in space. Three types of series impedances are considered: resistive/inductive (RL), resistive/capacitive (RC), and resistive/inductive/capacitive (RLC). The optimum ratio of ac-to-dc voltage output is determined for each type. For the case that involves all three impedance types, the optimum turning condition is also determined. The differential equations describing the circuits are solved in nondimensional form. The solutions involve partial differential equations, closed-form relationships, and simultaneous equations that are solved by numerical methods. The optimum ratio of peak ac-to-dc voltage ranges from 2.0 to 2.8, depending upon the circuit. The optimum turning differs significantly from the usual resonant conditions, especially for low Q.     

高速磁悬浮电动机变频器用开关电源设计

采用基于NCP1200的电流型控制,设计并研制了应用于高速磁悬浮电动机变频器的开关电源,该电源自适应输入电压波动,并自动调节PWM占空比以保证输出电压恒定.实验结果表明,该电源具有输出纹波小、效率高、EMI小、电压调整率和稳压性能好等优点,可用作变频器控制电路的电源.     

尖峰电压信号发生器的研制

尖峰电压信号发生器的核心是产生尖峰电压信号,通过CPU控制串联接入被试设备的供电电源的回路中,能够输出尖峰电压信号、电压浪涌信号的试验设备。本文将项目的阶段管理应用于尖峰电压信号发生器的研发中,以期更好的了解这些阶段,顺利实现既定目标。     

热插拔技术在机载计算机电源系统中的研究

为了解决高性能计算机分布式供电体系中间母线电压在热插拔状态下的可靠运行问题。对TPS2490热插拔控制器分析后进行了相关参数设计研究。设计出针对较高电压、大功率的热插拔电路,测试结果与预期相符,系统功能设计及性能要求已全部实现,解决了整个母线电压及系统的稳定性、可靠性问题,同时表明该系统具有供电质量好,可靠性高,易于维护等优点。     

一种用于惯性系统的刚挠背板设计方法

惯性系统是一种电路种类多、电信号复杂的电子产品,电路信号的品质直接决定整个产品的质量,背板对于各个功能电路的高密度信号互连关系着整个系统的性能。提出了背板设计方法,将惯性系统中电气系统的功能模块电路进行合理划分,确定立体化布局。为模块电路所需的二次电源进行集中分配,对于生成二次电源的总电源进行针对性的电磁滤波,实现惯性系统敏感器、执行机构和模块电路的刚挠电气连接。刚挠背板的设计不仅实现了功能电路的三维布局、电路网络的相互连接,还对信号的质量进行了针对性的优化设计。实践表明,该设计方法提升了电路的集成度,缩小了惯性系统的体积,同时还提高了产品的可靠性。     

Development of a driver board power supply for high power IGBTsused in three-phase inverters

High power IGBTs have been widely used for medium power inverters up to 200 kVA. Their driver circuits often require multiple-output, isolated power supplies. This paper presents a simple flyback power supply especially designed for the driver boards of three-phase IGBT inverters. The detailed circuit diagrams and typical waveforms are reported. Certain performance data are given. The power supplies have been used in 100 kVA inverters for an electric vehicle drive and for a wind turbine inverter     

基于集成芯片的同步整流开关电源模块

介绍了DPA—Switch芯片的外部引脚、内部电路及功能模块；讲解了同步整流电路的基本工作原理。根据DPA—Switch的特性给出了同步整流开关电源的设计方法和具体的设计电路，并对外围电路的设计进行了分析，最后给出了测试结果及设计注意事项。     

Implementation of a three-phase high-power-factor rectifier with NPC topology

A three-phase four-wire power factor corrector based on neutral-point-clamped (NPC) topology is adopted to reduce the current harmonics and increase the input power factor. Using the NPC topology, the voltage stress of power switches can be reduced to the half of the dc-link voltage. With the dc-link voltage controller and the phase locked loop circuit, the balanced and sinusoidal line currents can be drawn from the ac supply system under the balance and unbalance mains voltages. The hysteresis current comparators are adopted in the current control loop to track the line current commands. Three voltage levels are generated on the ac terminal to the neutral point. Simulations and experiments are provided to verify the validity and the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.