挤压油膜阻尼器失效的判据

 挤压油膜阻尼器(简称SFD)设计不当,会导致功能失效.对弹支-挤压油膜阻尼器来说,失效有2种形式:一是过不了临界,即转子系统的振幅随转速的上升而一直增大;二是出现双稳态特性.2帧失效判据图已经作出:一是双稳态区域图,只要轴承参数和质量偏心率数组不选在双稳态区域内,便不致产生双稳态特性;二是减振失效边界图,只要前述数据组不在失效边界的一侧,便不致产生过不了临界的现象.经实验证明,上述结论从正反2个方面看都是正确的.实验也进一步确认了挤压油膜阻尼器优越的减振功能.     

挤压油膜阻尼器失效问题分析

说明了研究挤压油膜阻尼器(简称SFD)减振失效的意义.首先,介绍了国际上研究SFD的J.W.Lund、E.J.Hahn、R.Holmes、R.A.Cookson和E.J.Gunter等五个学术集团,归纳出他们谈论到的有关挤压油膜阻尼器失效的观点,特别着重指出了挤压油膜阻尼器失效的不正确设计.失效的现象是过不了临界和导致转子支承系统产生双稳态特性.避免失效的方法是:调整油膜间隙与不平衡量间的关系,应用全油膜,限制不平衡量和采用弹性支座.本文的结论是:假如设计参数选择不当,挤压油膜阻尼器不仅不能减振,反而会导致转子支承系统工作不稳定或过不了临界.     

双挤压油膜阻尼器的减振机制与效果分析

研究了双挤压油膜阻尼器对转子的稳态不平衡振动以及突加不平衡瞬态振动的控制机制与效果,以一个带双挤压油膜阻尼器的单盘柔性转子为模型,用传递系数法进行计算分析,结果表明阻尼器对转子的瞬态和稳态响应的控制机制与效果是不同的.对于稳态振动,每个阻尼器主要控制使其所在支承产生较大变形的临界转速产生的共振;对于瞬态振动,两支承处同时加阻尼器的效果比只在一个支承处加阻尼器的效果好.     

自适应挤压油膜阻尼器减振机理理论研究

研究了带金属橡胶环自适应挤压油膜阻尼器ASFD/MRR(Adaptive Squeeze Film Damper with Metal Rubber outer-Ring)的减振机理,以ASFD/MRR和转子轴颈的受力分析和运动分析为基础,从N-S方程、流体连续方程出发,推导了ASFD/MRR的雷诺方程并求解了油膜压力场.对比ASFD/MRR和挤压油膜阻尼器SFD减振机理的特点,指出SFD仅是ASFD/MRR的特殊形式,ASFD/MRR具有抑制双稳态跳跃等非线性振动的能力,适用于更大的不平衡量范围.      

基于有限元素法的挤压油膜动力特性研究

挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD,Squeeze Film Dumpers)因减振效果显著,目前广泛应用于航空发动机等高速旋转机械中.在基于雷诺方程的短轴承近似解或长轴承近似解基础上,提出了求解带挤压油膜阻尼器的转子支承系统稳态动力特性的有限元挤压油膜计算方法,该方法能有效地模拟转子系统在各种工作条件下的油膜力模型.为了验证上述理论分析结果,用有限元法计算了带挤压油膜阻尼器转子系统的油膜压力分布和油膜阻尼,分析中还考虑了油膜惯性力的影响.通过对某发动机转子支承系统的模拟计算,并与试验结果进行对比分析,证明给出的系统动力特性计算方法及性能分析结果可用于工程实际.      

电液主动控制挤压油膜阻尼器的理论分析

针对旋转机械采用传统的动压轴承构成的挤压油膜阻尼器存在的问题,提出了一种由压电晶体-电液主动控制的动静压混合轴承构成的电液挤压油膜阻尼器(HSFD).对于这种电液挤压油膜阻尼器, 经典的半油膜(π油膜)假设不再成立. 为了求解它的压力分布, 提出了一种适用于含有动静压混合作用时Reynolds方程的求解方法. 在此基础上, 对采用这种电液挤压油膜阻尼器的转子系统进行了理论分析, 从而为实现主动控制奠定了基础.      

弹性环式挤压油膜阻尼器动力设计方法

弹性环式挤压油膜阻尼器(ERSFD)与传统挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD)相比,在动力特性方面具有一定的特色.以燃气涡轮发动机用ERSFD为对象,基于有限元挤压油膜理论对ERSFD的弹性环支承刚度、油膜压力场分布和油膜阻尼等特性进行了研究.根据ERSFD的结构特点,利用有限元法分析其动力特性不仅具有模型简单、计算量小的优点,而且能考虑到各种复杂的边界条件及封严装置.研究结果表明,本计算方法和结果可以作为ERSFD结构优化的依据.与SFD(Squeeze Film Damper)相比,ERSFD具有分段式油膜间隙,可利用弹性环的弹性变形来调整油膜间隙,将油膜间隙控制在一个合适的范围内,从而有效地避免传统SFD在一定工作条件下的非线性振动现象的发生.      

自适应挤压油膜阻尼器减振机理研究

提出了一种带有金属橡胶外环的自适应挤压油膜阻尼器ASFD/MRR(Adaptive Squeeze Film Damper with Metal Rubber outer-Ring),它利用环形金属橡胶的弹性变形来调整油膜间隙,以达到油膜阻尼器最佳的减振效果,所进行的实验研究表明:对ASFD/MRR减振机理的理论预测和实验结果具有良好的一致性,该阻尼器在优化设计下,油膜间隙可以得到良好的控制,能明显抑制非线性振动现象的发生,具有良好的减振性能.     

用有限元素法验证挤压油膜短轴承解的有效性

在现代航空燃气涡轮发动机和地面高速旋转机中,要求精确地分析预计转子支统的承系振动特性。而在支承结构中带有挤压油膜轴承阻尼器的情况下,用什么方法解算油膜压力,其计算精度和速度如何,是影响整个系统特性分析预计的最主要因素之一,也是这一领域里最重要的研究课题。当前,对不带端封的挤压油膜轴承阻尼器,常采用一维短轴承近似解析法计算油膜压力,本文将通过较精确的二维有限元数值解求油膜压力分布,来验证一维短轴承近似解的有效性,并提出短轴承近似解析法所适用的运转条件。     

基于CFD的斜盘/滑靴副油膜特性分析

结合三维Navier-Stokes方程和任意拉格朗日-欧拉(ALE)描述方法,首先,提出了一种基于计算流体力学(CFD)的滑靴副油膜特性分析方法,该方法能综合考虑滑靴副结构参数、柱塞泵工况参数对油膜特性的影响。然后,针对某种滑靴副结构,仿真得到了24种不同工况下的油膜厚度,分析了工况(温度、转速和出口压力)与滑靴副油膜的定量关系。本文还提出了一个与油膜特性相关的液动力参数的描述公式,并基于某固定结构尺寸的滑靴副CFD仿真结果,研究证明了对于固定结构的滑靴副结构,该参数仅与油液黏度(温度)相关,与其他工况参数无关。根据液动力参数公式,可以方便地给出滑靴副油膜厚度的解析方法。最后,将基于解析方法与基于CFD仿真方法得到的油膜厚度结果进行了对比,证明了解析方法的准确性。      

A new polyethylene balloon film

After over twenty years there is a new film introduced in the United States for fabricating scientific balloons. The film was developed by Raven and is designated Astrofilm.The film is a result of a critical selection of both the resin and extruding parameters. The film's physical properties and results of a test flight are reported. Also reported are a proposed design modification and failure analysis.     

High altitude flights in equatorial regions

A thorough analysis of balloon flights made from Hyderabad, India (Latitude 17°28′N, Longitude 78°35′E), and other equatorial sites has been made. It has been shown that limited success is expected for flights made from equatorial latitudes with balloons made out of natural colour polyethylene film, since the best known balloon film in the world today viz. Winzen Stratofilm is tested for low temperature brittleness only at ?80°C., whereas the tropopause temperatures over equatorial latitudes vary between ?80°C and ?90°C. The success becomes even more critical when flights are made with heavy payloads and larger balloons particularly at night when in the absence of solar radiation the balloon film becomes more susceptible to low temperature brittle failure. It is recommended that in case of capped balloons longer caps should be used to fully cover the inflated protion of the balloon at the higher level equatorial tropopause. It is also advised that the conditions such as wind shears in the tropopause should be critically studied before launching and a day with the tropopause temperature nearer to ?80°C should be chosen. Special care also should be taken while handling the balloon on ground and during launching phase. Properties of Winzen Stratofilm have been critically studied and fresh mandates have been recommended on the basis of limiting values of film stresses which caused balloon failures in the equatorial tropopause. It is also emphasized that the data on such flights is still meagre especially for flights with heavy payloads and larger balloons. It has been also shown that it is safest to use balloons made out of grey coloured film which retains its flexibility with the absorption of solar radiation, the success obtained with such balloons so far being 100%. The drawback, however, is that these balloons cannot be used for night flights. Stratospheric wind regimes over Hyderabad are also discussed with a view to determine the period over which long duration flights can be made. The data available, however, is meagre and it is recommended that more frequent special wind ascents be made to collect adequate statistical data from which reliable conclusions could be drawn through critical analysis.     

Recent materials problems relating to catastrophic balloon failures

Balloons fabricated of thin polyethylene materials have provided relatively inexpensive and reliable scientific research platforms for approximately three decades. Reliability of the modern day balloon, as launched by the U.S.A. National Scientific Balloon Facility (NSBF), has been approximately 85%. Recent balloon failures, coupled with an increased occurrence of catastrophic failures, created grave concern over the integrity of the present balloon inventory of the U.S.A National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). An investigative team was established by NASA to review the circumstances surrounding the catastrophic balloon failures, determine the cause and to make recommendations to correct the problem and to prevent its reoccurrence. The most probable cause of failure as determined by the investigation was the polyethylene balloon film, although the film had passed the established standard quality control measures of the film manufacturer. The approach, findings, and conclusions of the investigation are presented along with planned procedures to assure future quality balloon film for NASA balloons.     

卫星在轨故障案例与人工智能故障诊断

减少卫星在轨故障,使卫星按设计寿命要求在轨执行飞行任务是卫星设计的一个重要课题.为了分析在轨卫星故障的原因,探索最新的卫星故障诊断方法,首先收集了2003～2021年卫星典型在轨故障案例,然后对卫星故障从不同的维度进行统计分析和相关性分析,包括卫星平台与卫星故障的相关性、卫星在轨时长与卫星故障的相关性等,最后介绍了基于...