Long-term dynamics of the inner Jovian electron radiation belts |
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| Affiliation: | 1. ONERA/DESP, 2 av. Edouard Belin, 31055 Toulouse, France;2. Max Planck Institut fur Aeronomy, 37191 Katlenburg – Lindau, Germany;3. Observatoire Midi Pyrenees, 14 av. Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France;4. Observatoire de Paris Meudon, 92195 Meudon, France;5. CETP 10 av. de I’Europe, 78140 Velizy, France;6. JPL, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA;7. ATNF CSIRO, P.O. Box 76, Epping, NSW 1710, Australia;8. JHU/APL, Baltimore, MA 20723, USA;1. Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Dublin, Ireland;2. Respiratory Department, Clinical Research Centre, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland;3. Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;4. RCSI Population Health Sciences, RCSI, Dublin, Ireland;5. Primary Care Practice, Finglas Family Practice, Dublin, Ireland;6. Primary Care Practice, Beaumont Park Clinic, Beaumont Woods, Dublin, Ireland;7. Primary Care Practice, Coombe Medical Centre, Dublin, Ireland;8. School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;1. Space Sciences Department, The Aerospace Corporation, El Segundo, CA, United States;2. Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States;1. The State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China;2. Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Nutritional Sciences, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China;3. Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China;4. Biodynamic Optical Imaging Center (BIOPIC), School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China;5. iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China;6. Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China;7. School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China;8. British Heart Foundation Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK;1. Jet Propulsion Laboratory – California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA;2. Bear Fight Institute, 22 Fiddlers Lane, Winthrop, WA 98862, USA;1. Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;2. Department of Physics, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark;3. Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA |
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| Abstract: | Long-term variations of total Jovian synchrotron emission are well known to vary slowly in time. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these variations, they can be solar wind driven and/or induced by the geometrical effect of the declination of the Earth in the jovicentric coordinates, DE. However, until now, not any of them have been definitely proved. We propose here to investigate, this long-term dynamics based on appropriate simulation from a 3D model, Salammbô-3D. This model has been developed to study spatial distribution of electrons in the inner Jovian radiation belts. We will carry out two different approaches, the first one being based on synchrotron simulation from the Salammbô code and the second one being based on GALILEO EPD measurements. Two-dimensional images of Jupiter synchrotron emission can be obtained from our model, for any geometrical configuration (λIII(CML), DE). Comparisons show a good agreement between modeling results and VLA observations. With Salammbô-3D, we can also study long-term variations of total Jovian synchrotron emission. The role of the two geometrical factors, λIII(CML) and DE, will be analyzed. First, we will present beaming curves (evolution of Jovian synchrotron emission in terms of λIII(CML)), resulting from the simulation to validate the geometry of the system in the code. Then, the evolution of the non-thermal flux density of synchrotron emission, in terms of DE, joviographic declination of the Earth, will be studied. With the help of simulations resulting from Salammbô-3D, we will try to discriminate between geometrical induced variations and natural dynamics. On the other hand we will investigate on GALILEO EPD measurements from 1995 until now, restricted to 5–10 Rj, to find out any similarity with the long-term variations of non-thermal flux density of synchrotron emission. |
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