基于分布式星群的全相参雷达低副瓣波束形成设计方法

不同于地面稀布阵相参阵列雷达，分布式星群平台具有高速运动特性，相应地全相参合成效率受限于星间的空时频同步误差、波束指向误差等系统误差约束。提出了一种基于分布式星群的全相参雷达低副瓣波束形成设计方法。首先，从星群系统规模、星间安全距离、远场条件、探测链路等因素入手推导了有效探测距离区间。接着，给出了同步误差、波束指向误差以及卫星高速运动特性对全相参合成效率的定量影响评估方法。最后，利用空时频多维联合方法实现了低副瓣稳健波束形成，可有效增加无模糊视场范围，适用于实际星群规模有限的应用场景。仿真结果验证了所提算法的有效性。

Low-sidelobe beamforming method of coherent radar based on distributed satellite constellation

Different from the ground-based coherent radar, space-based radar constellation possesses high-speed motion characteristics, and the corresponding coherent synthesis efficiency is limited by the space-time-frequency synchronization error, beam pointing error and other systematic errors. In this paper, a novel low-sidelobe beamforming method of dynamic coherent radar based on distributed satellite constellation is presented. Firstly, the effective detection range interval is derived from several factors, i.e., the distributed satellite constellation scale, the inter satellite safety distance, the far field boundary condition and the system link. Then, the quantitative evaluation methods for coherent synthesis is discussed in terms of the synchronization error, beam pointing error and high-speed motion characteristics. Finally, the multidimensional joint method is employed to realize robust low sidelobe beamforming, and thus to increase the view field with no ambiguity, which is suitable for the application scenes with limited satellite constellation scale. Simulation results validate the effectiveness of the given theory analysis.