山谷宽度对触地爆炸地冲击波传播规律的影响

重点研究了山地地形条件下不同山谷宽度时触地爆炸地冲击波传播规律，通过对中等坚硬岩石的计算得到以下看法：当山谷比例宽度较小时，应力波的传播规律与Ｖ形山谷相似，随着山谷宽度的加大，应力波的传播规律逐渐接近平地；当山谷宽度小于２／３平地触地爆弹坑直径时，弹坑深度和半径与Ｖ形山谷基本相同；当山谷宽度大于４／３平地触地爆弹坑直径时弹坑深度和半径与平地基本相同；对于比较小的山谷宽度，由于山体的阻挡，粒子速度几乎垂直向上，随着高度的增加，抛掷到高处的岩土碎片和灰尘将形成比平地触地爆时大得多的巨大蘑菇状尘柱，抛向很远的地方，这就是弹坑抛掷物的聚焦和管道效应。

The Effect to The Law of Ground-Touch Explosion by the Width of Mountain Valley

The propagation law of ground touch explosion in varies widths of mountain valley are mainly discussed here.The propagation law of stress wave is similar to the V shape valley when the specific width of valley is relatively narrow,and is gradually similar to the ground condition when the width grows wide.The crater depth and width are similar to the V shape valley condition when the specific width of valley is less than 2/3 of the crater radius of ground explosion,and approximately similar to the ground condition when the specific width of valley is greater than 4/3 of the crater radius of ground explosion.To the relatively narrow valley,because of the obstruction by the mountain body,the mass velocity is almost straight upward.With the height increasing,the pieces of stones and dust throwing to the air come to a huge mushroom cloud that is greater than it was under ground touch explosion condition.The cloud was thrown far away by the air shock wave.This is the focusing and tubing effect of thrown object of crater.