欠发达地区社会资本与农民政治参与研究——以苏北为例

社会资本是一种无形的资源,其强调的"信任、网络和规范"对农民政治参与具有普遍的促进作用。"信任"为政治参与提供精神支持,"网络"为政治参与提供载体支持,"规范"为政治参与提供保障。目前我国欠发达地区农村的这些社会资本存在严重缺失的现象。文章通过对苏北地区农村的实地调查,指出这种社会资本缺失对农民政治参与在选举、决策、管理、监督方面的制约,认为只有促进农村社会资本的发育,才能提高农民政治参与的愿望与行为。具体的途径包括:提高农民文化素质,增加个人可用资源,进而增强集体可用的社会资本;乡村干部在执行上级决策时还应兼顾村民意志,以此增加"信任"资本;充分发挥农村合作组织在社会资本建设中的作用,使农民的"私权"加以整合,使其面对"公权力"时获得平等话语权,同时增强农民的凝聚力;加强法制建设,通过发展"规范",引导、完善农民的政治参与,促进农民的民主决策、民主管理、民主监督。

Study on Social Capital and Peasants Political Participation of North Jiangsu Province

Social capital is an invisible resources,its emphasis "the trust,the network and the norms " have the universal promoter action to the peasants political participation."Trust" provide moral support for the it."Network" provides it with carrier support and "norm" in the provision of indemnificatory sustentation.At present,the social capital such as the trust,networks,norms has serious deficiencies in China's underdeveloped rural areas.Based on the on the spot investigation in northern Jiangsu province,this article pointed out the constraints for peasants' political such as elections,decision-making,management and supervision because of this.And bring forward that through the development of rural social capital we can improve the status of the peasants political participation.