不同轴承壁面沟槽诱导油液穿透机理

以高速角接触球轴承为研究对象,在轴承外圈内壁开设沟槽,采用流体动力学对高速轴承壁面沟槽模型进行气液两相流数值模拟。利用VOF(volume of fluid)模型对轴承环间气液两相流界面进行动态捕捉,分析油液在沟槽诱导作用下的运动过程和分布特点,探究阻碍油液进入腔内的影响机理。分别研究了沟槽形状、深度、方向以及喷油参数等因素对高速轴承腔内和滚道润滑油体积分数的影响规律。研究结果表明:在高速轴承喷油润滑阶段,通过对沟槽形状、深度、方向的分析,得到圆弧形沟槽适用于高速轴承,沟槽深度为0.8 mm,沟槽方向为60°有利于油液进入轴承环间,腔内有效润滑油和外滚道油液体积分数最高。通过试验测得壁面有沟槽和无沟槽轴承腔内油液体积分数并与仿真结果对比,发现在轴承高速阶段开设壁面沟槽有利于润滑油进入轴承腔,为高速轴承的润滑设计提供了新的方法。 

Oil penetration mechanism induced by different bearing wall grooves

High-speed angular contact ball bearing was used as the research object, and the groove was built on the inner wall of the bearing outer ring. The fluid and dynamics was used to analyze the gas-liquid two-phase flow of high-speed bearing wall groove model. The volume of fluid (VOF) model was applied to dynamically capture gas-liquid two-phase flow between the bearing rings. The movement process and distribution characteristics of lubricating oil under groove induction were analyzed, and the factors influencing the entry of lubricating oil were explored. The influences of groove shape, depth, direction and oil injection parameters on the volume fraction of lubricating oil in the cavity and raceway of high-speed bearings were studied. The research results show that during high-speed bearing injecting, through analysis of groove shape, depth and direction, the circular groove is suitable for high-speed bearings. When the groove depth is 0.8 mm, and the groove direction is 60 degrees, it is beneficial for lubricating oil to enter the bearing ring. The volume fraction of the effective lubricating oil and raceway oil in the cavity is the highest. Finally, the volume fraction of oil between grooved and non-grooved bearing chamber was measured and compared with the simulation results. It was found that the opening of wall grooves in the high-speed stage of bearing was conducive to the entry of lubricating oil, providing a new method for the lubrication design of high-speed bearing.