细长体大攻角非对称流场控制

为了研究细长体大攻角非对称流态的机理以及开发新的控制技术进行了风洞实验.实验中观察到了侧向力的双稳态状态,并且它的正负指向很容易被来流中或者模型头部的微小扰动切换.连续改变滚转角时出现了迟滞回线.模型上游的扰动棒能改变侧向力的方向,当扰动棒移走后仍然可以保持该方向.根据以上观察,在模型头部安装了微型摆振片,该摆振片可以处在不同的周向位置.当摆振片静止时,迟滞回线消失,侧向力的方向不随紊流随机切换.截面侧向力的动态测量结果表明,当摆振片低频摆振时,侧向力可以跟随节奏变动.随着频率的增加,侧向力逐渐减少.当摆振频率进一步增加时,侧向力减少到零.如果摆振时,改变摆振片的平衡位置,则侧向力可以成比例的变化.根据上述实验实施,探讨了非对称现象的机理.

Control of Asymmetric Flow Fields of Slender Bodies at High Angle of Attack

The wind tunnel experiments is conducted to get inspiration for understanding the mechanism of the asymmetric flow pattern and developing an innovative flow control technique for a slender body at high angle of attack. The bi-stable situation of the side forces is observed, which could be easily switched by a tiny disturbances either from coming flow or from artificial disturbances at nose tip (including manufacturing defect). In turbulent flows the side forces switched randomly between positive and negative. There exists a hysteresis loop of side force with the rolling angle. A rod in front of the slender body is used to change the vortex pattern, which could be kept even the rod is moved out from the stream. A miniature strake attached to the nose tip of the model can be moved to different circumferential position. When the strake is stationary, the hysteresis loop disappears and the side force does not change with the turbulent fluctuation of coming flow. The results from dynamic measurements of section side force indicates that when the strake swung at lower frequency the side force can follow the cadence of the swinging strake. With increasing frequency, the magnitude of the side force decreases. At still high frequency, the side force diminishes to zero. If the strake is swinging, while the middle position can be changed to different circumferential angle ?_s on either left or right side, the side forces can be changed proportionally with the angle ?_s. On the basis of the experimental results, the mechanism of the asymmetry is discussed.