对一种月球与火星探测多程微波测量链路定轨定位的数值模拟初步分析

轨道器精密定轨与着陆器的精确定位在深空探测任务中具有非常重要的科学意义。对一种月球与火星探测多程微波测量链路的定轨定位能力进行了初步仿真分析，推导了这种多程微波测量链路的测量模型，分析了该模型的优势。模拟仿真分析结果表明，此测量跟踪模式的数据具有提升轨道精度的潜在能力，并且同时求得着陆器的位置。定量分析表明，在考虑坐标系转换误差，重力场误差，行星历表误差以及星上转发误差的情况下，模拟1 mm/s的噪声，对于月球探测器来说，轨道器的定轨精度可达几米，着陆器的定位精度有望达到分米量级；对于火星探测器来说，轨道器的定轨精度可达到数10 m，着陆器的定位精度可达到几米。

Preliminary Numerical Analysis of Precise Orbit Determination for a Multi-Way Microwave Measurement Mode in the Lunar and Mars Missions

Precise orbit determination and lander positioning have important scientific meaning in deep-space mission. In this paper,preliminary numerical simulations for a multi-way microwave measurement mode in the Lunar and Mars missions are conducted and analyzed. The measurement model of this tracking mode is derived and its advantages are evaluated. Simulation results show that this model has the potential to improve orbit accuracy,and the position of the lander can also be obtained. The quantitative analysis shows that at the noise level of 1 mm/s,for the Lunar spacecraft,the orbit accuracy can be up to several meters and the positioning accuracy of the lander is expected to reach the decimeter level,considering the coordinate system conversion error,the gravitational field error,the ephemeris error and the transponder error. For the Mars spacecraft,the orbit accuracy can reach tens of meters and the lander positioning accuracy reaches the meter level.