深空探测推进技术发展趋势

推进技术是制约深空探测能力的重要因素,由于深空探测航天器自身特点和任务需求的多样性,对推进系统类型的要求也不尽相同,需要在推力、比冲、功率、重量等关键指标选择方面进行综合衡量。对当前和未来适用于深空探测任务需求的几种典型空间推进技术的发展情况进行了阐述,包括混合模式推进技术、太阳能电推进技术、空间核电推进技术、帆类推进技术等,介绍了这些技术的研究进展和应用情况,并对后续应用进行了展望,为我国深空探测推进技术发展提供参考。

Development of Deep Space Propulsion Technology

Propulsion technology is an important factor restricting the deep space exploration capability. With the characteristics of the spacecraft for deep space exploration and the different project requirements, the requirements forthe propulsion concept are also diversity. The specifications, such as the thrust, specific impulse, power, and weight should be balanced. The present state and perspectives of the several types of propulsion technologies for deep space exploration project are introduced, such as hybrid model propulsion technology, solar energy electric propulsion technology, space nuclear electric propulsion technology (NEP), and sail propulsion technology, providing reference for the development of the deep space propulsion technology in China.