国际行星保护政策解读与技术前瞻

随着人类空间探测范围的不断拓展，行星保护成为人类后续深空探测必须要面临的一个重要问题。从行星保护的概念入手，对其研究背景以及美国、欧洲、俄罗斯等国目前相关的研究进展做了简要介绍，涉及了政策制定、标准规范、污染防控、技术体系等各个方面。载人深空探测过程中各个环节都可能存在污染源，必须针对性地开展保护和防护技术研究；深入研究国际行星保护政策、法规和技术体系，对于我国后续开展相关研究具有很好的参考和借鉴意义。

Overview of Policy and Technology Developments of International Planetary Protection

With the expansion of human space exploration, planetary protection has become an important issue for future human deep space exploration. In this paper, starting from the concept of planetary protection, and the research background and the research activities of the United States, Europe, Russia and other countries are introduced, involving the policy making, standard specification, pollution prevention and control, technical system and other aspects.All stages of manned deep space exploration are possible sources of pollution, and must carry out the related protection and the protection technology research. An in-depth study of international planetary protection policies, regulations and technical systems is of great significance for China to carry out relevant studies in the future.