航空发动机燃烧室冷却结构的发展及浮动壁结构的关键技术

随着航空发动机燃烧室性能的提高,燃烧室火焰筒热防护问题显得越来越突出.燃烧室内采用浮动壁结构可以减小壁面热应力,改善火焰筒的受力状况.介绍了火焰筒冷却结构的发展历程,包括气膜冷却、多斜孔冷却和多孔层板冷却,并对它们的优缺点进行了阐述;分析了浮动壁冷却结构的发展状况、技术特点和在浮动壁结构基础上采用冲击/发散气膜复合冷却结构的效率;阐述了浮动壁结构的关键技术（材料、制造工艺和冷却结构特征等）;展望了冷却结构和浮动壁火焰筒在未来航空发动机中的应用.

Development of Aero-engine Combustor Cooling Structure and the Key Technologies of Floating-wall

With the performance improvement of aero engine combustor, it becomes more and more important to cool the flame tube of combustor. The combustor with floating wall can effectively reduce the wall heat stress and improve the force situation. The development process of flame tube cooling structure which including film cooling, multi-slant-hole cooling and laminates cooling are introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages are described. Then, the advanced technical characters of floating-wall such as development situation and key components are analyzed. The cooling type of impingement/effusion which based on floating-wall structure be of higher efficiency. Next, the key technologies which include materials, manufacturing processes and characteristics of the cooling structure of floating-wall have been elaborated. Finally, the application of cooling structure and flame tube floating-wall on future aero-engine is prospected.