载人航天器设计中的可维修性技术研究

可维修性技术是载人航天器的主要特点之一，载人航天器总体布局和安装设计的重要任务之一就是为航天员营造出优良的工作与生活环境，通过可维修性技术提高载人航天器的使用寿命、降低制造成本。在设计初期就需将可维修性技术考虑其中，制定、编写相关可维修性技术的标准、规范及专项要求文件，通过相关专项地面试验，研制载人机动装置及专用工具，设计符合航天员信息感知机能特性的操作界面，逐步实现我国未来载人航天器在轨可维修性技术的实际工程应用，并在后续不断累积的在轨实际飞行试验中通过航天员操作，进一步完善、改进可维修性技术内容，最终形成具有适应我国特色的可维修性技术的研究体系。

Research of Maintainability Technology in Manned Spacecraft

Maintainability technology is one of the primary characteristics of manned spacecraft.The main target of equipment layout in manned spacecraft is to build a safe and comfortable circumstance for astronauts working and living.By taking the advantage of maintainability technology to optimize layout design,the manned spacecraft lifetime can be improved and the manufacture cost can be decreased.In initial design,we should consider the maintainability technology,including standards,criterions and specifications of maintainability technology.By special testing on ground,we design the manned maneuvering unit(MMU)and special tools,design the operating interface to suit astronaut characteristic of communication,and gradually realize the project application in the future manned spacecraft.Finally,by ameliorating the maintainability technology and astronauts' operating in aviation tests,we can establish the system of maintainability technology fitting the situation of our country.