空间核反应堆安全分析

空间核反应堆是空间能源的重要候选方案,其寿命长、功率大、结构紧凑,但其特有的中子学特性、与传统快堆迥异的设计方案对堆芯安全分析提出了挑战。本文以热管型空间堆为例,首先基于蒙特卡洛方法对空间堆在水淹和沙埋事故工况下,进行了稳态中子学计算分析,结果表明:堆芯在事故工况下不会重返临界。同时,基于瞬态多物理分析程序TMACS,进行了单根控制鼓旋转瞬态过程计算。结果表明:空间堆在热工反馈和热膨胀反馈的多物理耦合下,在特定的瞬态过程中能够保持功率稳定,满足安全要求。

Safety Analysis of Space Nuclear Reactor

Space nuclear reactor is an important candidate for space power source. It has the advantages such as long life,large power,and compact structure. However,its unique characteristics of neutronics and the design scheme different from traditional fast nuclear reactors pose challenges to the core safety analysis. In this paper,the calculation and analysis of the steady-state neutronics of a heat-pipe space reactor under the accident conditions of water flooding and sand burial are conducted based on the Monte-Carlo method. The results show that the core would not return to the critical state under the accident conditions. Meanwhile,based on the transient multi-physics analysis program TMACS,the transient rotation process of a single control drum is carried out. The results show that,in a particular transient process under the multiple physical couplings of thermal-hydraulic feedback and thermal expansion feedback,the space reactor can maintain the power stable and meet the safety requirement.