基于SPH的小型飞机水上迫降姿态数值仿真

适航条例中要求飞机必须具备良好的水上迫降性能。早期主要通过试验方法研究飞机的水上迫降性能,但是试验耗资巨大、时间周期长。采用一种新型的数值模拟方法研究飞机水上迫降问题,利用光滑质点流体动力学(SPH)方法模拟三级波浪,建立小型飞机水上迫降模型。考虑到飞机姿态角和起落架收放状态对迫降性能的影响,建立7种计算工况,模拟得到相应的加速度响应和姿态角变化。以飞机在迫降过程中应该受到较小的加速度响应和姿态角变化为依据,通过对比分析计算结果,最终给出12°姿态角、起落架收起为最优迫降状态的结论,为飞机迫降的入水姿态提供技术支持。

Numerical Simulation of Light Aircraft Ditching Attitude Based on SPH Method

Abtsract ：Under the requirement of airworthiness regulation ,one aircraft must have a good ditching per-formance .In the past ,tests were implemented to evaluate the aircraft ditching performance ,however tests have really some disadvantages：vast investment and time-consuming .This paper applied numerical sim-ulation technique to research aircraft ditching performance .The Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics （ SPH） method was introduced to simulate sea waves and a aircraft ditching model was then built .In consideration of influences of the state of landing gear and attitude angle on ditching performance ,seven simulation con-ditions were designed ,the corresponding acceleration responses and attitude angle changes were simula-ted.Under the condition that aircraft should get a lower drag force and smaller change in amplitude ,a fi-nal conclusion of optimum ditching attitude , viz landing gear retraction with attitude angle of 12 ＆#176;, was drawn from the comparative analysis of simulation results ,which is valuable to aircraft ditching solution .