高空科学气球的应力分析与球形设计

本文分析了迴转对称高空科学气球球膜的应力状态,指出按实际情况给定有关纬向应力σ_t的约束条件后就可解得正确的球形.σ_t的选择原则有三:下半球σ_t尽可能为零;上半球的σ_t自腰至顶逐渐增加;在球顶处则维持经向应力σ≈σ_t.按此原则设计的附加强带或不附加强带的气球,其最大应力和应力总潜能均较纬向应力恒为零的自然型气球有明显的改善,将用于大型气球的设计中. 

Qn the Stress Analysis and the Shape Design of the Scientific Balloon at High Altitude

An analysis of the stress of the zero pressure balloon membrance with rotational symmetry is presented, and the reasonable shapes can be designed by choosing rational restrain conditions of the latitude stress t. We propose the following three principles for σ_t: (1) in the lower hemilballoon,σ_t≈0;(2) then, σ_t gradually increases from the middle to the top of the balloon; (3) near the top, the longitude stress σ_t≈0.According to these principles, one can design balloons with or without reinforce tapes, both have the maximum stress and the total stress energy much less than that in ordinary designs with σ_t=0. So., such types wiljl be adopted in the design of giant ballootn.