小行星星壤低速侵入过程力学响应的实验研究

为研究小行星星壤在低速侵入过程中的力学响应，利用落塔实验舱构建微重力环境，制备典型的无黏性星壤模拟物，利用恒速加载方式模拟采样器等装置侵入星壤的过程，测量了模拟物的承载强度和边界应力随沉降深度的变化，并记录了模拟物表面形貌的变化过程。实验结果表明，微重力下星壤的承载能力较地球重力环境下大大降低，其响应特性更接近于流体，且与侵入速度、星壤孔隙率、颗粒粒径级配、侵入体尺寸等因素相关联。实验结果可为小行星表面着陆和采样装置的设计与验证提供重要数据支撑。

Experimental Study on Mechanical Response of the Asteroid Regolith during Low speed Intrusion

To study the mechanical response of the asteroid regolith during the process of low speed intrusion, the microgravity environment is constructed using the drop tower facility, and the typical cohesionless regolith simulants are prepared. The intrusion process of the sampler and other devices into the regolith is simulated by the constant speed loading method. The bearing strength and boundary stress of the simulants are measured with the variation of the intrusion depth, and the surface topography of the simulants is recorded. The experiment results show that the bearing capacity of regolith in the microgravity environment is much lower than that under the Earth gravity, and the response of the regolith in microgravity is close to that of fluid, which is related to intrusion speed, regolith porosity, grain size distribution, intruder size and other factors. The experimental results can provide important data support for the design and verification of asteroid surface landing and sampling device.