Assimilation of endmember variability in spectral mixture analysis for urban land cover extraction |
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| Authors: | Uttam Kumar S. Kumar Raja Chiranjit Mukhopadhyay T.V. Ramachandra |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Energy & Wetlands Research Group, Centre for Ecological Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;2. Department of Management Studies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;3. International Institute of Information Technology (IIITB), Bangalore 560100, India;4. EADS Innovation Works, Airbus Engineering Centre India, Xylem No. 4, Mahadevapura Post, Whitefield Road, Bangalore 560048, India;5. Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India;6. Centre for Infrastructure, Sustainable Transportation and Urban Planning, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India |
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| Abstract: | Variable Endmember Constrained Least Square (VECLS) technique is proposed to account endmember variability in the linear mixture model by incorporating the variance for each class, the signals of which varies from pixel to pixel due to change in urban land cover (LC) structures. VECLS is first tested with a computer simulated three class endmember considering four bands having small, medium and large variability with three different spatial resolutions. The technique is next validated with real datasets of IKONOS, Landsat ETM+ and MODIS. The results show that correlation between actual and estimated proportion is higher by an average of 0.25 for the artificial datasets compared to a situation where variability is not considered. With IKONOS, Landsat ETM+ and MODIS data, the average correlation increased by 0.15 for 2 and 3 classes and by 0.19 for 4 classes, when compared to single endmember per class. |
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| Keywords: | Linear mixture model Mixed pixel Variable endmember |
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