Effect of gamma irradiation on hyperthermal composting microorganisms for feasible application in space |
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Authors: | Minchul Yoon Jong-il Choi Masamichi Yamashita |
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Affiliation: | 1. Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup 580-185, South Korea;2. Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea;3. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, Sagamihara 228-5810, Japan |
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Abstract: | The composting system is the most efficient method for processing organic waste in space; however, the composting activity of microorganisms can be altered by cosmic rays. In this study, the effect of ionizing irradiation on composting bacteria was investigated. Sequence analyses of amplified 16S rRNA, 18S rRNA, and amoA genes were used to identify hyperthermal composting microorganisms. The viability of microorganisms in compost soil after gamma irradiation was directly determined using LIVE/DEAD BacLight viability kit. The dominant bacterial genera were Weissella cibaria and Leuconostoc sp., and the fungal genera were Metschnikowia bicuspidata and Pichia guilliermondii. Gamma irradiation up to a dose of 10 kGy did not significantly alter the microbial population. Furthermore, amylase and cellulase activities were maintained after high-dose gamma irradiation. Our results show that hyperthermal microorganisms can be used to recycle agricultural and fermented material in space stations and other human-inhabiting facilities on the Moon, Mars, and other planets. |
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Keywords: | Hyperthermal composting Gamma irradiation Microbial population Enzyme activity |
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