包覆快燃物的特性及其对推进剂燃烧性能影响

采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、衰减全反射-傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(ATR-FTIR)、光电子能谱(XPS)、机械感度测定装置等分析和测试手段研究了快燃物ACP(一种以二价铜胺络离子为阳离子的高氯酸盐)包覆后的特性。SEM,ATR-FTIR,XPS分析结果表明:聚氨酯(PU)包覆后的ACP表面有清晰的包覆层,表面裂纹减少,规整度提高,包覆度的大小可以通过调节PU含量来进行有效控制。机械感度实验表明包覆后ACP的特性落高H50为63.1 cm,比包覆前提高了22.4 cm;摩擦感度由包覆前的48%降为28%。将未包覆ACP和同等含量、包覆度为61.8%的ACP分别应用于改性双基推进剂中进行了燃烧性能的比较,发现包覆ACP改善了推进剂的燃烧性能,使其在11~20.5 MPa范围内的燃速压强指数降低约0.3。

Properties of a fast-burning ballistic modifier coated by polyurethane and its effect on propellant combustion

The properties of fast-burning energetic compound ACP(a novel ballistic modifier for propellants) coated with polyurethane adhesive were studied by SEM,attenuated total reflection FTIR(ATR-FTIR),XPS and mechanical sensitivity apparatus.The results indicate that surface of coated ACP is covered with a layer of film,minute cracks decreased,and coating degree R is calculated and can be effectively controlled by regulating the contents of polyurethane adhesive in solution.Mechanical sensitivity experimental results indicate that the special height H50 of coated ACP is determined as 63.1 cm,which increased by 22.4 cm than that without coating,and friction sensitivity of ACP is reduced from 48% to 28% after coating.Applying the coated ACP into composite modified double base(CMDB) propellant,the burning rate pressure exponent in the pressure range of 11~20.5 MPa is decreased by 0.3 than that by applying uncoated ACP with the same content in propellant.The mechanism of reduction in burning rate pressure exponent of CMDB propellant is theoretically investigated.