月面载荷被动热控技术

由于月面温度环境变化幅度较大，月面载荷需要通过被动热控装置有效控制其与外部环境的换热量，使其本体温度维持在工作或储存温度范围内。文章分析了月面载荷与外部空间环境换热方式；论述了低当量发射率多层隔热组件设计与结构组成；讨论了月面载荷最外表面辐射屏ε和α_s特殊设计及对其表面辐射平衡温度影响；指出利用月壤恒温层及其特性，展开式外多层隔热组件可以在载荷所在月面处形成一个温度相对稳定的月面小环境，其平均温度与当地月壤恒温层温度相当。

Passive Thermal Control Technologies of Exploration Instrument for Soft-landing on Moon Surface

The heat transfer manner between the moon surface soft landing instruments and its exterior space environment was analyzed. The design and structure of the multilayer insulation blanket with lower equivalent emissivity were proposed, and the especial design of emissivity (ε) and solar absorptivity (α_s) of the outermost radiant shield and its influences on the radiant equilibrium temperature were also discussed. Furthermore, taking advantage of lunar soil characteristics, the deployable outer multilayer insulation blanket can create a surface zone with the relative constant temperature equivalent to that of the lunar soil constant temperature layer. 