利用飞轮的航天器姿态跟踪与能量存储

研究航天器集成能量与姿态控制系统中飞轮的控制律。系统中飞轮是姿态控制的执行机构，同时也是储能装置。首先利用Lyapunov方法设计了航天器姿态跟踪的反馈控制律，然后研究一种力矩形式的飞轮控制律。利用奇异值分解方法把飞轮组的控制力矩向量分解为3部分相互正交的力矩向量，一部分用来提供姿态控制力矩，一部分用来以给定的功率储能，另一部分完成轮速平衡以避免由于各飞轮轮速差异过大引起的飞轮饱和。提出了一种基于动能反馈的储能功率规划方案来保证系统的能量平衡，可以避免由于过剩能量引起的飞轮饱和。数值仿真结果验证了控制方案的有效性。

Spacecraft Attitude Tracking and Energy Storage Using Flywheels

The control law of the flywheel in an integrated power and attitude control system (IPACS) for a spacecraft is investigated. The flywheels are used as attitude control actuators as well as energy storage device. A feedback control law for attitude tracking is firstly developed by using Lyapunov approach, and then a torque based control law of the flywheel is studied. The control torque vector of the flywheel is decomposed into three parts which are orthogonal to one another by using the method of singularity value decomposition (SVD). One part is used to provide the attitude control torque, another part is used to store energy with given power, and the last part is used to accomplish wheel speed equalization to avoid wheel saturation caused by large difference among the wheel spin rates. A management scheme for energy storage power using kinetic energy feedback is proposed to keep energy balance, which can avoid wheel saturation caused by superfluous energy. Numerical simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the control scheme.