An improved shape for zero-pressure balloons |
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| Institution: | 1. Space Technology Division, Luleå University of Technology, Kiruna, Sweden;2. Institute for Aerospace Studies, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;1. Key Laboratory of Concrete and Prestressed Concrete Structures of the Ministry of Education, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China;2. Department of Mechanical and Biofunctional Systems, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, 153-8505, Japan;1. Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110 016, India;2. Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India;1. School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering, PR China;2. School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering, PR China;3. Frontier Institute of Science and Technology Innovation, PR China;4. Institute of Unmanned System, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, PR China;1. The Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan;2. Department of Space and Astronautical Science, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies, 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Chuou-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5210, Japan;3. National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 2-21-1 Osawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8588, Japan;4. Department of Physical Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;5. Mizusawa VLBI Observatory, National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, 00A02-12 Hoshigaoka, Mizusawa, Oshu, Iwate 023-0861, Japan;6. Department of Aerospace Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;7. Department of Aerospace Engineering, National Defense Academy of Japan, 1-10-20 Hishirimizu, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 239-8686, Japan;8. Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering, School of Creative Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan;9. Department of Astronomy, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;10. Department of General Systems Studies, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 3-8-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8902, Japan;11. Graduate School of Information Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;12. National Institute of Technology, Gifu College, 2236-2 Kamimakuwa, Motosu-city, Gifu 501-0495, Japan;13. Center for Astronomy, Ibaraki University, 2-1-1 Bunkyo, Mito, Ibaraki 310-8512, Japan;14. Kashima Space Technology Center, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 893-1 Hirai, Kashima, Ibaraki 314-8501, Japan;15. Interdisciplinary Theoretical & Mathematical Science Program (iTHEMS), RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan;p. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8552, Japan;q. Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan;r. The Research Institute for Time Studies, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan;s. Department of Earth and Space Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1, Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan;t. Institute of Astronomy & Astrophysics, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-141, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;1. Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China;2. Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China |
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| Abstract: | Since the 1950s, efforts have been made to optimise the design of zero-pressure balloons. A possible method for improving on the classical natural-shape is discussed in this paper.It is shown by surface element analysis, that the meridional stress in the balloon film can be adjusted by changing the circumferential stress. It is probable that the stress concentration at the top of a natural-shape balloon can be reduced. A mixed-shape balloon, which has positive circumferential stress above the maximum diameter, has been derived and the results are presented in a form similar to Smalley's ‘sigma’ table.The stress distribution for balloons having different shapes, with or without load tapes, are also described. |
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