Strategies for the future exploration of Mars |
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| Institution: | 1. AstrobiologyOU, Faculty of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK;2. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA;3. Institute for Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;4. Univ Paris Est Cr Univ Paris Est Créteil and Université Paris Cité, CNRS, LISA, F-94010 Créteil, France;5. German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Aerospace Medicine, Radiation Biology Department, Research Group Astrobiology, 51147 Cologne, Germany;6. European Space Agency, Noordwijk, The Netherlands;7. Centro deAstrobiología (CAB), CSIC-INTA, Carretera de Ajalvir km 4, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain;8. LESIA, Paris Observatory, PSL University, CNRS, Paris University, 92195 Meudon Cedex, France;9. Committee, Policy and Legal Affairs Section, Office for Outer Space Affairs, United Nations Office at Vienna, Austria;10. UAESA;11. Italian Space Agency (ASI), Rome, Italy;12. Office of Safety and Mission Assurance, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC 20546, USA;13. Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), Institute of Space and Astronautical Science (ISAS), Kanagawa, Japan;14. Nantes Université, Nantes, France;15. Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6801, USA;p. Institute of Earth and Space Exploration, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada;q. Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), India;r. Centre National des Etudes Spatiales (CNES), France;s. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, The University of Tokyo,7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;t. China National Space Administration, Beijing, China;u. Laboratory of Space Microbiology, Shenzhou Space Biotechnology Group, Chinese Academy of Space Technology, Beijing, China;v. Planetary Physics Dept., Space Research Inst. of Russian Acad. of Sciences, Moscow, Russia |
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| Abstract: | While the Viking mission yielded a wealth of scientific information about Mars, many intriguing new questions were raised about its chemical and physical environment. For many reasons, Mars thus continues to be an object of intense scientific interest. In addition, many scenarios for the further exploration of that planet have been advanced in recent years, and there is also keen public interest in future Mars missions. In looking ahead, one important aspect in planning a strategy for the exploration of Mars is whether or not to assume that Mars is a dead planet and also whether it is capable of supporting the growth of terrestrial organisms. Three very different mission strategies are presented here, depending upon how these assumptions are made. |
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