追踪星跟踪空间非合作目标的相对轨道设计

对空间非合作目标跟踪飞行可以执行观测或监视等任务。首先从一般性出发对追踪星与非合作目标之间的椭圆轨道相对运动方程进行分析,给出具有任意初始条件的相对运动方程解析表达式。其次,对追踪星沿航向跟踪目标并考虑约束条件时的相对轨道设计进行分析后,给出设计追踪星轨道的方法,该方法使得追踪星在保持对地定向的同时也满足测量敏感器的约束条件。最后通过数学仿真进行了验证。

Relative Orbit Design of a Chaser Tracking a Non-cooperative Target in Space

There is a keen interest to perform inspection or monitoring for non-cooperative targets in space.Firstly,the relative motion between the chaser and the target is described using Tschauner-Hempel equations to describe the relative motion of two spacecraft in an arbitrary elliptic orbits.The homogenous solutions of these equations can be obtained in terms of the eccentric anomaly.Secondly,the geometric constraints such as along track distance and angle between the chaser and the target are considered during the relative orbit design.By choosing appropriate initial conditions of the homogenous solutions,different inspection configurations are proposed in which the chaser orbit satisfies the mission constraints.These inspection strategies can achieve a stability configuration and avoid the sensing/communication conflicts of the chaser.Simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the proposed method.