半球谐振陀螺技术

半球谐振陀螺是一种基于哥式效应的固体波动陀螺，具有高精度、长寿命、高可靠性的优势，是未来陀螺的重要方向，国内外均开展了半球谐振陀螺的相关研究。本文对美国、俄罗斯、法国以及国内的半球谐振陀螺研究历程、技术及应用现状进行了介绍，在半球谐振陀螺技术发展过程中存在着加工制造难度大、动态范围小以及全角模式下存在角速度测量阈值等技术瓶颈，亟需突破高Q值材料、两件套陀螺加工制造以及全角模式控制等关键技术研究。半球谐振陀螺的未来发展方向包括高精度、大动态、低成本以及轻质小型化等，在航天、航海、战略战术武器等诸多领域上，半球谐振陀螺都将有着良好的应用前景。

Technology of Hemispherical Resonator Gyroscope

The hemispherical resonator gyroscope(HRG) is a kind of solid wave gyroscope based on Coriolis effect. It has the characteristics of high precision, long life and high reliability. It is an important direction for the development of gyroscope in the future. The research on HRG has been carried out around the world. Research history, technology and application status of HRG in the United States, Russia, France and China have been introduced. There exits many bottlenecks such as difficulty in manufacturing, low dynamic range and measurement threshold in whole-angle mode. It is urgent to break through the high-Q material, two-piece gyroscope processing and whole-angle control technology. The future development direction of HRG includes high precision, low cost, light weight and small size. In many fields, such as aerospace, navigation, strategic and tactical weapons, HRG will have a good application prospect in the future.