电磁波在电离层中的传输建模分析

电磁波从宇宙空间对地传输过程中，不可避免需要穿过地球电离层，并受到电离层折射、反射、穿透等影响。为研究电离层中电磁波的传播路径，利用IRI2016电离层模型和NRLMSISE-00模型的数据，基于射线追踪算法，综合利用龙格-库塔法，并采用变步长实现了电磁波在电离层多层空间复杂等离子体中的传输计算。同时，还研究了不同频率和纬度的电磁波在电离层的传播途径。研究表明较高频率的电磁波受到电离层的干扰较少，在100MHz时，电磁传播的偏移角度仅为0.795度；电离层的非均匀层状结构决定了电磁波在其中的传输存在多模现象，并受到了光照的影响，在日间和中纬均受电离层的强烈干扰，偏移角度均大于2.2度，较夜间和低、高纬地区的传输偏移更大。

Modeling analysis of electromagnetic wave transmission in the ionosphere

In the process of electromagnetic wave transmission from the cosmic space to the earth, it is inevitable that it needs to pass through the earth’s ionosphere and be affected by the ionosphere refraction, reflection, penetration and so on. In order to study the propagation path of electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere, this paper utilizes the data of IRI2016 ionosphere model and NRLMSISE-00 model, based on the ray tracing algorithm, and comprehensively utilizes the Runge-Kutta method and the variable step size to realize the electromagnetic wave propagation path in the ionosphere.The Runge-Kutta method is used, and a variable step size is adopted to realize the transmission calculation of electromagnetic waves in the ionosphere multilayer space complex plasma. Meanwhile, this paper also studies the propagation paths of electromagnetic waves of different frequencies and latitudes in the ionosphere. The study shows that: higher frequency electromagnetic waves are less disturbed by the ionosphere, and the offset angle of electromagnetic propagation is only 0.795° at 100MHz; the non-uniform layered structure of the ionosphere determines the multi-mode phenomenon of electromagnetic wave transmission, and is affected by illumination, and is strongly disturbed by the ionosphere during daytime and mid-latitude, and the offset angle is greater than 2.2°, compared with the nighttime and low and high latitude. The offset is larger than 2.2°, compared to the nighttime and low and high latitude regions.