电场耦合式无线电能传输技术在 航天领域应用前景展望

将无线电能传输技术引入航天器的旋转供电中是推动航天器进一步发展的重要手段。而现有应用最广的磁耦合式无线电能传输技术（inductive power transfer，IPT）因成本高、重量大、存在涡流损耗等缺陷而难以在航天领域中得到大规模应用。而电场耦合式无线电能传输技术（capacitive power transfer, CPT）以其成本低、重量轻等优点，近年来受到广泛关注，在航天领域具有巨大潜力。从传统IPT技术在航天领域应用的缺陷入手，分析将CPT技术引入航天领域无线供电场景的重要性。进而介绍了CPT技术的发展历程与基本原理，并对CPT技术在轻量化、大功率、旋转型三个领域的研究现状进行综述来论证其在航天领域应用的潜力。最后总结了CPT技术在航天领域应用存在的问题并分析了解决这些问题可行的技术手段。

Prospects of capacitive power transfer technology in aerospace applications

The application of wireless power transfer technology to the rotating power transfer of spacecraft is an important technique to promote the further development of spacecraft. The most widely used conventional inductive power transfer (IPT) technology is challenging to apply in spacecraft on a large scale due to its high cost, high weight, eddy current loss, and other shortcomings. The capacitive power transfer (CPT) technology, with its advantages of low cost and lightweight, has received wide attention in recent years and has excellent potential in the aerospace field. This paper begins with the shortcomings of conventional IPT technology in aerospace applications and analyzes the importance of applying CPT technology to wireless power transfer scenarios in the aerospace field. Then, the development history and basic principles of CPT technology are introduced, and the current research status of CPT technology in lightweight, high power, and rotating types are reviewed to demonstrate its potential application in the aerospace field. Finally, this paper summarizes the problems in applying CPT technology in aerospace and analyzes the possible technical means to solve these problems.