大客车局部优化造型对其使用性能的影响

随着车速的提高,汽车在行驶中受到的空气阻力便成为不可忽视的问题,因此与减阻节能相关的汽车优化造型也就显得越来越重要了。由于运动物体所受到的空气阻力系数的大小主要取决于它的头部的形状,因而我们对厢式大客车驾驶室前风窗区的几种不同造型在低速风洞中进行了测力的实验研究。实验结果表明,驾驶室前围不同形式的过渡是影响厢式客车空气阻力的重要因素。其中在适当的风窗倾角下,经过良好的圆化处理后,可使厢式大客车的空气阻力减小27%左右。这不仅节省了燃料的消耗,还可以提高汽车的最大行驶速度,改善其加速和爬坡能力。

INFLUENCE OF LOCAL SHAPE OPTIMIZATION ON BUS PERFORMANCE

As the road condition improved and speed increased aer-odynamic drag of vehicles cannot be neglected any longer,and thevehicle shape optimization,which is closely related to drag reductionand energy saving,becomes a problem of importance.Since the dragcoefficient of a moving body depends largely on its nose,in this workexperimental investigation of the effect of nose shape on aerodynamicdrag for a box-bus was made.Several configurations of the windowin front of the driver seat were tested in a low speed wind tunnel,force measuremeat was performed.The test results show that theshape and fairing of the front window has an important effect on aer-odynamic drag of the bus.Proper choice of window angle and propertransition between the window and the body may reduce the drag by27%.This will save fuel consumption,increase maximum speed,im-prove acceleration ability and slope climbing