基于准零刚度技术的微重力模拟悬吊装置设计与试验研究

微重力地面模拟试验对验证航天器在轨运行的可靠性有重要意义。通常采用低刚度悬吊装置模拟微重力环境,但存在着承载能力低和自振干扰的问题。为解决这些问题,文章提出了一种考虑弹簧自振的准零刚度悬吊装置。首先,通过合理简化推导了承载弹簧在装置中的自振频率计算式,并分析了准零刚度悬吊装置的工作原理,得出设计参数应满足的条件。然后,根据试验承载需求和位移要求提出了参数设计流程,依此流程设计得到了一种可调节平衡位置与几何参数的准零刚度悬吊装置。最后,对装置进行了静力测试与悬吊-隔振试验,结果表明,该装置不仅具有准零刚度特性和较大承载能力,而且解决了自振干扰的问题,能较好地模拟微重力环境。

Design and experiment of a suspension device based on quasi-zero-stiffness technology for microgravity simulation

The microgravity simulation on the ground is an important step to improve the on-orbit reliability of spacecraft. The low-stiffness suspension device is usually employed in the microgravity simulation, which results in the low bearing capacity of the device and the interference from the device''s vibration. With this problem in mind, a quasi-zero-stiffness suspension device with consideration of its own vibration is designed in this paper. Firstly, the expression for the frequency of the bearing spring is derived by ignoring secondary factors. The conditions for the main parameters are discussed in a principle analysis. After that, a design procedure is proposed according to the payload mass and the displacement in the experiment. A quasi-zero-stiffness suspension device is thus designed, that can adjust the equilibrium position and the geometry parameter. A static testing and a vibration isolation experiment using the suspension device are conducted. It is shown that with this suspension device, the quasi-zero-stiffness and a high bearing capacity can be secured, and the interference from its vibration can be eliminated.