民机驾驶舱工效学综合评价方法研究及应用

飞机驾驶舱工效学综合评价是驾驶舱研制中一个极其重要的问题,以往在驾驶舱的研制过程中往往为其工程质量提出种种衡量标准而忽视工效学的综合评价,导致设计出的驾驶舱存在不少工效学方面的问题。为此,结合民机驾驶舱工效学的实际情况,本文提出一种将改进专家打分法、三标度层次分析法和模糊综合评判法集成的综合评价体系,给出了合适、可操作的评价指标和评价方法,能指导驾驶舱的工效学评价。该体系考虑了工效学评价的模糊性,实现了征求和提炼专家群体的意见,对飞机驾驶舱工效学进行了定量地综合评价,为比较相似设计方案的优劣提供了理论基础和方法。应用此方法,结合研究项目,对某民机驾驶舱尺寸设计的工效学进行了评价,证明了该方法的有效性。

Study on Comprehensive Evaluation of Cockpit Ergonomics

Comprehensive evaluation of cockpit ergonomics plays key role in the new-type cockpit development.During the development of aircraft cockpits in the past some judge standards were proposed in order to ensure design quality without allowing for ergonomics evaluation.This leaded to several problems conflicting with ergonomics in the cockpits design.In terms of these problems,a novel integrated approach was proposed by combining Modified Delphi,Modified Analytical Hierarchy Process and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation,with an appropriate and operational evaluation index and method to direct the cockpit ergonomics evaluation.It is characterized with taking into account the fuzzy of ergonomics evaluation,soliciting and synthesizing experts’ judgment.Therefore this approach can made up the comprehensive evaluation of cockpit ergonomics objectively and quantitatively.This provided a theoretical basis and a practical method in order to compare different design schemes.Utilizing the method,the geometry ergonomics of an aircraft cockpit was evaluated roundly,and the results proved the validity of this method.