Effects of space flights on human allergic status (IgE-mediated sensitivity) |
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| Institution: | 1. Center for Physiological Medicine, Institute of Physiology, Medical University in Graz, Harrachgasse 21, Graz 8010, Austria;2. Cologne, Germany;1. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;2. Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;1. Laboratory of biophysics, Faculty of Medecine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia;2. Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire-Cellules, ERRMECe (EA 1391), Institut des Matériaux, University of Cergy-Pontoise, France;3. Laboratory of biochemistry, Faculty of Medecine of Monastir, University of Monastir, Tunisia;4. Groupe Immunité des Muqueuses et des Agents Pathogènes (GIMAP), Faculty of Medecine Jacques Lisfranc of Saint-Etienne, France;1. Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Conn;2. Human Immunological Diseases Section, Laboratory of Host Defense and Clinical Genomics Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md;4. Clinical Genomics Program and Molecular Development of the Immune System Section, Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md;3. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, Canada;5. Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co, Boston, Mass;6. Molecular and Human Genetics/Cytogenetics Laboratory, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex;7. Department of Pediatrics, Section of Immunology Allergy and Rheumatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex;1. FIOCRUZ, Center for Technological Development in Health (CDTS)/National Institute of Science and Technology on Innovation in Neglected Population Diseases (INCT-IDPN) FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;2. FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Laboratory of Experimental and Computational Biochemistry of Pharmaceuticals, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil;3. Federal Fluminense University, Biology Institute, Cellular and Molecular Department, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;4. Federal Fluminense University, Chemistry Institute, Analytical Chemistry Department, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil;1. Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;2. Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada |
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| Abstract: | Suppression of the immune system after space flights of different duration has been reported earlier by Konstantinova Immune system in extreme conditions, Space immunology. B. 59. M. Science 1988. 289p. (in Russian) 4]; Immunoresistance of man in space flight, Acta Astronautica 23 (1991) 123–127 5]]. Changes in T- and B-mediated activities of the immune system were demonstrated during and after space flight. However, the influence of the space flight conditions on the allergic status of cosmonauts and astronauts is still unclear. The goal of this investigation was to analyze total blood IgE levels, specific IgE-antibodies and interleukin-4 in blood of Russian crew members before and after space flights to the International Space Station (ISS) and during a long-term isolation study. For this purpose, we used the ELISA assays as well as other special kits. It was noticed that four out of nine cosmonauts had high total serum IgE (more than normal clinical values of 120 IU/ml). At the same time, there were no statistically significant changes in serum IgE levels before and after long-term space flights (128–195 days). A similar situation was observed regarding preflight IgE levels of cosmonauts who performed short-term flights (7–11 days). However, seven out of 11 cosmonauts had increased IgE level in blood post short flights as compared with pre-flight values. We also measured specific IgE-antibodies, because their high concentration may cause the increased production of total IgE indicating sensitization of cosmonauts. This becomes more important when humans spend a longer time in the closed environment of a space vehicle. Also our ground-based investigations showed that a stay in such conditions does not enhance sensitization to allergens (total number of tested allergens 27) including food, inhalants and cross-reactive proteins. Serum interleukin-4 level measured after short- and long-term space flights was identical. A linear correlation between levels of immunoglobulin E and interleukin-4 also was not significant. Despite the fact that our investigations did not establish any influence of space flight on sensitization and development of immediate-type allergic reactions, they demonstrated the necessity to control the allergic status of cosmonauts very carefully both before and after space flights. At the same time, it is necessary to pay special attention to outcomes of atopic individuals with high pre-flight level of total blood IgE. |
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