民用飞机着陆系统安全性评估的故障树分析

飞机着陆系统是保障飞机安全进近着陆的关键系统,如何评估着陆系统满足安全性设计要求是系统设计的重要环节之一。阐述民用飞机安全性评估的基本流程,以微波着陆系统为例,针对给定的微波着陆系统框图,通过故障树分析方法,对完全丧失两侧微波着陆信息的失效状态进行定量评估,重点详述建树过程和建树方法。结果表明:故障树分析对系统架构的设计具有重要的指导作用,二者紧密结合、相互反馈;特别是当失效状态所对应的概率要求无法满足时,借助故障树分析产生的割集报告,能找出系统架构存在的薄弱之处和关键部位,从而采取有效的应对措施,完成对系统架构的优化设计。

Fault tree analysis for safety assessment of civil aircraft landing system

Aircraft landing system is the critical system to ensure the safe approach and landing of aircraft, and how to evaluate the landing system to meet the safety design requirements is one of the important parts of the system design. The basic process of the safety assessment for the civil aircraft is described. Taking the microwave landing system (MLS) as an example, for a given MLS block diagram, the failure condition complete loss of both sides MLS information is evaluated by the fault tree analysis (FTA) method. The process and method of tree modeling are described in detail. The results show that FTA plays an important role in the design of the system architecture. The FTA and system architecture design are closely combined and feedback each other. Especially when the probability requirements associated with the failure condition cannot be met, the FTA cutset report can find the weaknesses and key parts of the system architecture, so as to take effective measures to complete the optimization design of the system architecture.