2006年12月13日太阳射电暴对GPS观测的影响

日地空间环境不仅影响航天器运行和安全, 也是导航、定位和通信等无线 电应用系统主要的误差源. 其中来自太阳L波段的射电暴被认为是全球导航卫星 系统(GNSS)稳定和性能的潜在威胁因素, 当L波段射电爆发达到一定阈值时, 将给用户带来不同程度的射电噪声干扰, 严重时会引起接收机失锁和定位服务 中断. 本文对2006年12月13日太阳射电暴对GPS造成的影响进行了研究, 利用太阳射电 观测数据、L波段闪烁观测数据和向阳面不同区域的GPS观测网数据, 分析 GPS观测对射电暴的响应. 结果表明, 此次事件对GPS观测产生了明显的影响, 射 电暴期间GPS发生幅度闪烁事件和明显失锁现象, 多个台站上空的多颗GPS 卫星 信号完全中断长达6min左右, 且多个台站上空锁定的卫星数目小于4颗, 使 得GPS定位完全失效. 相对而言, 射电暴期间日下点附近的GPS台站受到的影响 比远离日下点的大. 

Effect of the 13 December 2006 Solar Radio Burst on GPS Observations

Solar activity and Earth's space environment can effect the operation and safety of spacecraft, and they are also the main error source of navigation, positioning, and communication based on radio waves applications system. In this field, the L-band solar radio burst is regarded as a potential threat to Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) stability and performance. When the solar radio burst exceeds a threshold value, the radio noise from solar emission will increase dramatically, which can give rise to GNSS receiver tracking loss and positioning failure located in the sunlit hemisphere of the Earth. In this paper, by using the solar radio flux data, L-band scintillation data, and GPS receiver observation network data located in different regions, effect of the 13 December 2006 solar radio burst on GPS observations are investigated in detail. Results show that the disruption caused by this radio burst event is obvious, and the amplitude scintillation events occur and GPS signal losses of lock are detected. Furthermore, the GPS satellite signal locked at several GPS station is interrupted and the observed GPS satellite number is less than 4 during this solar radio burst. The event resulted in GPS service failure for about six minutes. By comparison, those stations located nearby sub-solar point are more serious than that of far away from it.