赤道异常峰区电离层的某些特点

由于赤道异常北峰覆盖我国整个南部地带,因此对峰区电离层特征的研究就成为掌握中国电离层特点的关键之一。本文试图对以下六个问题作些介绍和评述:1.逐日起伏和子夜前极大;2.峰位置的移动;3.赤道异常的经度效应;4.不均匀结构引起的强闪烁和快速法拉第衰落;5.顶部电离层的离化突起和中性赤道异常;6.粒子沉降的双峰分布. 

SOME FEATURES OF THE IONOSPHERE AT THE CREST REGION OF THE EQUATORIAL ANOMALY

The northern crest of the equatorial anomaly covers Southern China, therefore, the investigation of the ionospheric features of equatorial anomaly at crest is the key for understanding ionospheric characteristics over China. In this paper, 6 related topics are reviewed: 1. Day-to-day variations and the post sunset enhancement of the equatorial anomaly; 2. The movement of the crest; 3. Longitudinal structure of the equatorial anomaly; 4. Intensitive scintillation and fast Faraday fading caused by bubble effects; 5. The ionization ledges in the topside ionosphere and the neutral anomaly; 6. Low-latitude electron precipitation, which is symmetric to the magnetic equator.