空间发动机羽流研究技术发展综述

首先介绍了目前进行空间发动机羽流研究的必要性,同时说明地面试验和数值模拟方法都是研究空间发动机羽流特性的有效手段,两者缺一不可。在此基础上,总结了国内外羽流地面试验关键技术和发展状况。然后,分别总结了国内外最具代表性的空间发动机羽流试验台的组成、真空抽吸方式、主要技术指标和特点,包括美国的J2-A试验舱和CHAFF-IV试验舱,欧洲的CCG羽流污染试验舱和STG低温氦冷羽流试验舱,中国的KM系列空间环境模拟器和PES地面羽流试验台。最后,介绍了与羽流地面试验相关的数值模拟技术的发展,总结了进行羽流数值模拟的模型,重点介绍了常用的DSMC方法的典型应用和基于此方法所开发软件的情况,并针对大密度羽流场和电推进发动机羽流场的特点分别总结了其进行羽流场计算的方法。

Research on plume flow of space thrusters

The necessity of plume flow research of space thrusters is introduced. At the same time, plume test and numerical simulation methods which are the two valid ways to research space engine＇s plume characters are elaborated. Then the key technique and development of plume test are summarized. Afterwards, the compositions, vacuum pumping methods, main specifications and characteristics of representative plume test beds including J2-A chamber and CHAFF-IV facility of USA, CCG chamber and STG chamber of European, KM space simulators and PES chamber of China are summarized. Finally, development of the numerical simulation technology related to plume test on ground is introduced by overviewing numerical models of plume, focusing on DSMC method and its software, presenting plume computational methods of high density plume and electrical propulsion thruster plume. The technology of test and numerical simulation of space thruster plume is helpful to research the plume of space thrusters.