微小卫星临近操作仅测距初始相对定轨解析方法

针对仅有相对距离测量信息的近圆轨道航天器近程交会问题，首次提出一种基于传感器偏离航天器质心安装杆臂效应的解析初始相对定轨算法，解决了仅测距定轨存在镜像解的模糊性问题。首先给出了仅测距定轨模糊性的数学解释，然后基于Clohessy-Wiltshire动力学模型和传感器偏心安装的杆臂效应推导了仅测距信息情况下的初始相对轨道解析解，并给出系统能够去模糊的传感器安装条件。最后通过无误差仿真验证了所提算法的有效性，通过误差情况下的Monte Carlo仿真分析了算法的定轨性能。仿真结果表明所提算法有效，在满足传感器偏心安装条件下能够实现较为精确的初始相对定轨。

Initial Relative Orbit Determination Using Range Only Measurements for Small Satellite Proximity Operations

As to solving the mirror orbit problem of the range-only initial relative orbit determination for a near-circular orbital target during the proximity operations, a novel analytic algorithm by taking the benefit of the ranging sensor offset from the chaser’s center-of-mass is proposed in this paper. Firstly, the mathematic explanation of the ambiguity problem for the range-only initial relative orbit determination is introduced. Secondly, the analytic solution for the range-only problem based on the Clohessy-Wiltshire dynamics while the ranging sensor is offset from the center-of-mass is derived and the observable conditions are obtained. Then, the numerical Monte Carlo simulations are done to demonstrate the validity and performance of the proposed algorithm.