立方星电源系统最大功率点跟踪优化控制方法

针对立方星在能量来源严重受限条件下如何提高太阳能利用率的难题，提出一种适用于立方星的集中供电式空间微电源架构(EPS)，并设计基于改进粒子群优化算法的最大功率点跟踪(MPPT)控制策略来提升能量转换效率。首先，推导太阳电池阵列的数学模型，并根据太阳电池阵列的工作特性，提出电源系统最大功率点跟踪控制的物理系统实现结构。其次，设计基于改进粒子群优化(PSO)的最大功率点跟踪控制算法，并进行了数学仿真校验。最后，对所设计的电源系统架构进行了硬件实现和试验验证。地面试验结果表明，电源系统的太阳能最大转换效率可达95.5%。该电源系统成功应用于世界首颗12U立方星“翱翔之星”的飞行试验，在轨数据表明电源系统工作状态良好，为微纳卫星电源系统的设计提供了有益参考。

An Optimized Maximum Power Point Tracking Control Method for Electrical Power System of CubeSats

To solve the problem of how to improve the solar energy utilization efficiency under the severe condition of energy source limitation for CubeSats, one micro space electrical power system (EPS) with a centralized power supply architecture is proposed in this paper, along with the design of a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) control strategy based on the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to improve the energy conversion efficiency. Firstly, the mathematical model of the solar array is derived, and according to the performance characteristic of the solar array, the physical implementation structure of MPPT control of the EPS is presented. Secondly, the MPPT control algorithm based on the improved PSO is designed and verified by mathematical simulation. Finally, the hardware implementation and experimental verification are carried out for the designed EPS. The results of the ground experiments show that the maximum conversion efficiency of the solar power reaches 95.5%. The EPS has been successfully applied in the spaceflight of the world’s first 12U CubeSat, Aoxiang-Sat. The on-orbit data indicates that the power system is in good working condition during the flight experiments, which provides a beneficial reference for the design of micro/nano satellite power systems.