含能热塑性聚氨酯推进剂的能量计算与分析

采用最小自由能法,在标准条件(pc/p0=70∶1)下,比较了用不同软硬段结构的含能热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(ET-PU)作粘合剂的复合推进剂的能量特性,从要获得较高能量水平的观点,排列出了几种ETPU选择的先后次序;计算了含ETPU的各类推进剂的能量特性参数,探讨了ETPU对硝酸酯增塑的复合推进剂和硝胺改性双基推进剂的能量特性的影响规律。结果表明,选用不同ETPU的复合推进剂配方相互间在能量特性上存在着差别,但这种差别并不十分显著,以GAP为软段、TDI为硬段的ETPU,更有利于配方获得较高的能量水平;硝酸酯增塑的ETPU推进剂的理论能量水平高于丁羟推进剂,随增塑比逐渐增大,推进剂的最大理论比冲随之增大,固含量逐步降低;少量ETPU的加入,对硝胺改性双基推进剂的能量特性影响不大,增加Al和RDX含量,更有利于提高含ETPU的硝胺改性双基推进剂的能量水平。

Calculation and analysis on energy characteristics of energetic thermoplastic polyurethane propellant

Under standard condition(pc/p0=70∶1),the energy characteristics of composite propellant containing ETPUs based on different types of hard segments and soft segments were compared.The energy characteristics of the nitrate ester plasticized composite propellant and nitramine modified double base propellant which contain ETPU were calculated.The results show that the energy level of the composite propellant using different ETPUs has not obvious difference,but there are a few discrepancy.ETPU based on GAP as soft segment and TDI as hard segment is more favorable to improving the energy level of propellant.The nitrate ester plasticized ETPU propellant exhibits higher theoretical specific impulse than HTPB propellant.With the plasticizing ratio of NG/ETPU increasing,the maximum theoretical specific impulse of propellant is enhanced and the solid mass content is decreased.Adding a few ETPU has little influence on the energy characteristics of nitramine modified double base propellant,and increasing the contents of Al and RDX is more advantageous to enhance the energy level of nitramine modified double base propellant containing ETPU.