智能气囊的冲击主动控制原理实验研究

智能气囊是一种应用智能材料结构设计的智能缓冲构件。智能气囊能在缓冲过程中主动控制冲击过载，可使缓冲过程的冲击过载更为平缓，提高缓冲保护的有效性。本文首次对智能气囊的结构组成、缓冲原理进行了理论分析和实验研究，并对智能气囊的冲击主动控制原理进行了实验验证。其中驱动机构采用层叠电致伸缩驱动器设计，因电致伸缩材料具有执行力大、响应快、线性范围宽的特点。文中利用层叠电致伸缩驱动器设计了智能气囊排气装置，测试了其动态响应特性与缓冲驱动特性。研究结果表明，该排气装置具有良好的驱动性能，可以满足智能气囊的排气控制要求。控制采用了一维的模糊控制方法，提高了控制的速度。实验研究结果证实智能气囊缓冲器的原理是正确的。

Experimental study on theory of impact active control of intelligent air bag

Intelligent air bag(IAB) is a type of intelligent cushioning device made up of intelligent material structure(IMS).IAB can control the impact deceleration and make the crash deceleration more smooth,improving the cushioning result.In this paper the conception of IMS was firstly combined with research of air bag,and the structure of IAB was advanced.The theory of impact active control of IAB was expatiated and testified through experiment.Electrostrictive material was found having big force,high response speed and wide linearity,and it was utilized in actuating cell.The intelligent venting structure was designed by an electrostrictive stack actuator.The characteristic of the dynamic response and cushioning actuating of an electrostrictive stack actuator was analyzed.It is concluded that intelligent venting structure has good actuating characteristic and can satisfy the need of IAB.The one-dimension fuzzy control method was used for IAB to improve the control velocity.The principle of the IAB cushioning device is proved true by preliminary experimental result.