扭簧应力松弛及冲击特性试验研究

扭簧具有受外力约束变形后储能并在去除约束后反弹的特性，使其在航天任务中多作为无源动力元件加以使用，由于航天器的特殊应用背景，应力松弛和冲击破坏是航天用扭簧的主要失效形式。通过自行研制的扭簧应力松弛特性和冲击特性测试的试验装置，针对若干结构尺寸的扭簧，进行了不同怠位扭转角条件下的应力松弛特性试验和不同冲击行程及冲击负载条件下的冲击特性试验，并采用最小二乘法对试验结果进行了拟合。通过以上工作获得了扭簧应力松弛的一般规律、怠位扭转角对扭簧应力松弛特性的影响规律、冲击行程和冲击负载对扭簧冲击特性的影响规律及扭簧扭转刚度对扭簧应力松弛和冲击特性的影响规律，为扭簧可靠性分析和工程设计提供了直接的试验数据。

Experimental on stress relaxation and impact characteristics of torsion spring

Torsion spring has the characteristic of stores energy by force and rebounds when the external forces is removed.so it is often used as drive component in space missions, and the main failure modes of torsion springs are stress relaxation and impact breakage with the special application background of aerospace facilities. A testing device for stress relaxation and impact characteristics of torsion spring has been developed. The test of stress relaxation characteristics under different torsion angels, and impact characteristics under different impact displacement and impact loads, and the results have been fitted by least square method. Then the influence of torsion angel on stress relaxation characteristics, the influence of displacement and load on impact characteristics, and the influence of torsional stiffness of torsion spring on stress relaxation and impact characteristics has been obtained, which supplies directly test data for the reliability analysis and design of torsion spring.