基于SDO/HMI全日面实时磁图的活动区自动识别

太阳活动区是太阳活动的主要发生源区,活动区的形态、结构、特征是预报太阳爆发的主要依据.因此,活动区的识别是实现太阳爆发预报的前提.SDO/HMI能够提供连续、高时空精度的全日面光球观测图像.参照文献1]SOHO/MDI综合磁图中活动区的自动识别方法,利用实时可得的HMI全日面磁图,通过阈值法、数学形态法和区域增长法相...

Automatic Recognition of Solar Active Regions Based on Real-time SDO/HMI Full Disk Magnetograms

Solar Active Regions (ARs) are sources of solar powerful eruptions. The characteristics of ARs are important factors for forecasting solar flares. The Space-weather HMI Active Region Patch (SHARP) is one of the key observations to derive physical properties and to develop solar eruption prediction models. Based on the real-time HMI full disk image, by referring to the computational method developed by Ref.1] which involves intensity thresholding, morphological analysis and region growing. By comparing our results against those results from Solar Region Summary compiled by NOAA/SWPC during the time interval 2010—2018, it is found that the daily numbers of ARs recognized are in good agreement with the SWPC AR numbers, and their corresponding correlation coefficient is 0.87. On the whole, the total number of ARs recognized is less than the corresponding SWPC AR number. Most of the undetected regions are of small areas, weak magnetic fields and simple magnetic type, which can hardly produce any powerful eruptions. Hence, this study can provide real time data of ARs for forecasting of solar eruptions.