高光谱遥感成像技术的发展与展望

地表形态和目标特性是空间对地遥感的两个重要问题.经过近40年的发展，高光谱遥感技术已取得了巨大的进展，从数据获取、处理到应用都积累了大量成果.作为涉及多学科交叉的年轻学科，高光谱遥感技术的发展经历了一个以需求为导向，在发展中又不断探索完善需求的历程.高光谱成像仪作为获取目标图谱数据的重要仪器，其发展对于整个高光谱遥感的发展至关重要.本文分析了国内外不同类型高光谱成像仪的成像体制及应用案例，得出了近40年来高光谱成像仪发展历程所展现出的技术特点，结合当前发展现状，对未来高光谱成像仪的发展趋势，尤其是核心指标的提升和技术体制拓展进行了综合展望，以期为该领域的后续研究提供一些思路，同时为相关领域的科技规划提供参考. 

Development and Prospect of Hyperspectral Imager and Its Application

Surface morphology and target characteristics are two important problems in remote sensing.Surface morphology is a geometric problem and the aim of photogrammetry.Target characteristics are not only a physical and chemical problem,but also an important problem to be solved in the development of hyperspectral remote sensing.After decades of development,hyperspectral remote sensing technology has made great progress,from data acquisition,processing to application.As a new and young technology involving multiple disciplines,hyperspectral remote sensing development is a demand-oriented process in which the demand is constantly explored.Especially,the hyperspectral imager is the only tool to obtain hyperspectral data,and its development is very important for the development of hyperspectral remote sensing.In the paper,the feature and application of different types of hyperspectral imagers are analyzed,and some conclusions of hyperspectral imagers in recent 40 years are obtained.Combined with the current development status of hyperspectral imager,the future development trend of hyperspectral imager,especially the development of key indices and technology,is prospected to provide some ideas for the follow-up research in this field,and also to provide a reference for the related remote sensing satellite missions.